歡迎來 教育部華文視障電子圖書網教育部
  [登入/註冊]       
:::左側區塊
 主要選單 
* 歷屆考古題專區
* 網站導覽
* 個人書籤
* 近期新書
* 出版社圖書
* 點字教科書
* 書目查詢
* 新聞雜誌區
* 蝙蝠電子報
* 「身」命力電子報
* 推薦與書摘
* 出版快訊
* 行動數位圖書館
* 視障行動學習
* 網路博覽家&APP
* DAISY/有聲書書目
* 統計資料
* 會員專區
* 無障礙全球資訊網
:::中央區塊
q/"m0`f(1h:'gu1iz'"1qv"e*'~1kw`e+`
;-jt1-2 f/1

qv"e*'~1dx`v"
b/'iz'nt133m?1k31 #ed nt1j:"
i:'my1nt1k*"33 #a e$"h3`s"
i:'my1~1?'33o/"my1
m/"jt1i:"c*"33j~1mx1
et"gu"a:1/"33a:'k)'k!'k!"gu1c*`jw1qu'
e*'i:'
e81c*"33dv"k.'d>"e81c*"i:`e*"o*"+"
m0`k31ns`8'i:"c*"d>"e81 ,Baruch
,College j*"k}`i3"i:" 7,,MBA7
ky'c*"33m0`k31ns`8'r91:`k+'k/`i:"k%'
k*1f(1h:'k/"=" 7senior investment
consultant7

f>'k{" ,Herriot1 *'k?"bx`ks"ax'lw'k6`
k6`s`iu1d!ai_'t`s`iv"d*"lv"a!aa('$1d!a
gu1;px1ot'i(`b:1d%`mx1v'd!ai:"f>'d!aa/`
gu1qv"e*'~12mv`l(`y'=1j.'d!aa&'=1gx"gu1
ky'k81f>'*"."d!aiu'qu"-
;-kx'j&1m0`k31r$1cw1<'o-2 f>'ru`s`c*`
m%"d!adt`dt`f(1-
;-*'k!"gu1m>ao-2 f>'{1{1f(12a:`a!apx1
ot'd!a ,Herriot1 k?`iu"d*"i3'2;-rw1s`
f>'--2
hw"d%`mx1j~`e+1r$"k|`ov"d!ar31d&"a&'2
a/`b:1gu1i3'2 ,Herriot i:"qv"e*'~1d!ad*"
:"a:'d%`mx1j~`2fy'i3'd*"*'a:'kx'f$"es'2
,Herriot k!1ft'ks"d%"-
;-9'l-2 et"bx`*'au"ky')"- hw"fw1}'s`
b%'k3"cs"}"d!ai:"ax"a!`2dv"d%`mx1j~`o/"
d%"i:1a:')'l o/"k3"f>'kz"cy"gu1ky')"d!a
i:"a:1+"2cw1o?'d!amy1dv'ix"k+"i%"f>'i:"
;-f(1h:'c*`jw1qu'e*'i:'-226`s`m0`k31j*"
k}`i3"i:" 7,,MBA7 e81$"2jz1hw"r91:`k+'
k/`i:"$"ns`8'd>"r/"b/`c*`px1d>"d!ah:'k?'
c*`-
m/"jt1qv"e*'~1dy"k|'a:'k)'k!'2*`k/`p{"
c*`jw1k3"a!aov"f$"es'd!as'et1iz'r312:1
f>'2jw1ev'i:1j*'e$"n!al

$1*'mx1iz'2k&'l!"dy`kt'

qv"e*'~1d!ak/"i:"d0`j&1ev'i:1/`nt1jt1
i3'j*`-
f>'j&1e{`a/"hw"a&'o/"d!ae{`au"2q/"j?'
i:"c%`i:'2j~1k)'a/"e81e{"e/"i!"- kx'e81
r$"h(`c/"i:1f>'ks"ky'bx1ku'k!'k!'d%"j%'
bx`}12ax`f>'/`e$"d!ak!'k!'h&`k81d!aa!"
d*"d*"k7"k7"d!a2o+1gu1h(`a:1et"f>'pt'pt'
h(`e+1et";s`*'j:"f>'ku'j*1f>'e{`pz1s`e*'
e*"2d>"k)'_`jt1p%`2f>'j8"*'k!"gu1b&'d%"
i>'d$'c*`2c?1k|'+`k81d!aj*1k7"2k%"e/"f>'
k)'gu12;-n*`mu1d!ae{`:1h:ar%`e."lv"o/"
kt"{'l-2
f>'o>"o>"o/"e?"26"*'e+'kt`dv'd!aqx'q>`
$":1h:aj!"i:"2;-cw12lv"o>"o>"a!"c*`l-2
f>'p+`e."o+1b/`;;-lv"{'2o>"o>"i(`ix"s`
fx1{'l-2 f>'lv"d%"o+1d!ad*"qx'j|"- o>"
o>"+`j*`*1e?'2a:1k+'dw"f>'d%"*'~"lv"au`-
*'iz'au`d}"f>'t`ky'*"bx12dv"i3'o/"b/'k|"
f*`~1?'2k)'gu1av`a}`a%`c!ak*`k)'*'~"2r("
cw1s`*'$"*'iz'k0`c!ad>1v"2k+1k3`j8"i:"
jy1ft'p*'c*""1a!"i:";-w1az"-22t`a/'o*"
e|'9'd{"2q(`h!1r31o/"ks`-
f>'o>"m>'*`$1*'iz'qz'c!a2;-9't`a/'o-2
d3'm!ajv1l/"d!ai:"2i3'iu1m!a+`o/"d>'y"2
k*"e|"dw"a!af>'lv"oy"2k*'r/'a%`ot"j~1fw1
}'d!a*'iz'2iu"a:"rw1a/`/1k&'dz`pt'qx'k0`
f>'b:'- /1nw"2f>'d!aoy"jy1hw"ev'k!"8"n0"
k*1k|"!"r9"2n>"i:1f>'jw1*'e$"ov"2rw1m01
lv"jy'b/`q/"m/`d!aax`e."2ks"i_'m/"i:'
my1-
t`ky'e)'c!a2iz'my"j8"o%`a/"2a!"k!"k+1
c="gx"h3"q/"m/`d!aru`o/"i!`- o/"k3"s1|1
nt1k*"e{`2qv"e*'~1qv`:1kz"g&1*"i:"y"i:'
my12d$"|1;-lv"kt"-2 d!akw"nt"q0'bx1m<1
r/12h$"iu'd!a?"e."i:";-jz1ky'd+1d%"i$`
k('c*`-22j*1|1d!a*`o/"q/"k*"*"-
d%"c!aks"e81nt1cy12q/"m/`o/"gu`e?':1
h:ac*1k)'j|"nt"j*`my1e81e{"2e$"s1k{"|"
k|1pw"d!ae41r$1q/`d%`~1q/"h!1k{'f>'dt`
h:"2f>'bz1c!aj~1e{"$1*'d!amx1iz'-
qv"e*'~1d!ak&'l!"ru`r%`2e{`e81/`nt1k*1
i:"ov'ix"d!am<1qv"iz'2o*"+"i:1rw1ix"fw1
cy`k.`;l!`e*1iz'ix"k31a&'2e81e{"oy"o/"
gu"f&1f>'d!abz1k*'-
o%"d%"d*"*'ft'2k{"/"a/`gu"*'kt"f>'i_'
t`i:'my1m>`ix"i3'2;-n*`o/"nz1d%"iz'e81
ov'nt"i/'<12n*`t`ky'lv"o/"d%"e*'i('nz1
c*"o*`k{"mv"2r$"y`e.`ov'ix"az`f*`d!abz1
k*'--2 qv"e*'~1ru`n>"mu"2$"iu1m!alv"o/"
d%"e*'i('nz1c*"o*`k{"mv"o bz1k*'o*`k{"
b>'o f>'hw"k%'a:1gu"k{"d!aq/"j?'f!"d*"
d%"e81e{"js1jy12rw1n>1e{`e81d!abz1k*'dv'
q/`az"2n/`c*"$":1h:aaz'j|`ks"e81j~1;dv"
i:"2e81e{"hw";-iz'e81s'et'-2 d!al%`c.1
e)"2y"o>`f>'qu'd%";-qx"ns1ov'-2-
f>'k*"d!ak31ev'd!ar31d&"a:`d%`l!"s1dx'
b/'v'pw1f>'nt"qx"ns1ov'd!ak{"/"a/`gu"dv'
gu"2f>'lv"d%"qv"e*'~1d!ak&'l!"n>"m!ar%`
ru`r("r$`2;-h%`a:'d%"3`ks"o>`n*`qx"d%"
iz'e81ov'2a!"."rw1l!`*`f*1k%'f>'mu1d!a
qu'i/"n!al-2

a/`es'c*"i:`2q/`es'k31m%"

i:'j|"i:"c*"2s`e+'i:"jy1o/"nz1e~`h!12
a!"dt`f>'d&`-
k31a&'o*"+"2ow`hw"t`jt1d!aa:`s`c.`f{1
c/"2*'i:"e81v"m<1*'i:"nt"k%'a&'- f>'j&1
e{`ks"o/"gu"$1mx1gu1*'dy"{"dx'v"m<1i:'2
|1i:"e~`h!1k*"e|"nt"i/';d>"e81d$"mx1iz'
+`i!"et"2a:`s`dv"k.'c*"i:`e*"r!1=1r9"?'
8"e*"a%'i('mx1iz'2f>'d!a8"j*"e81e*1o*`
k{"}`2a:`r%`e~`h!1dv"k.'c*"i:`e*"2dv"f>'
d$"c*"i:`m01ey"j|"-
;-o*"+"e.`h3"iu1m!ao-2 e.`a}"jt1-
;-mx1gu1nz1l%"iu1m!aa}"jt1o-2 l%"ix'
k*'-
qv"e*'~1ky'bx1h:"="h:"d>1-
f>'j8"i:1d$"ix'+"s`ey"j|"2d>"ev',d>"
e:"*`;-k31k*"m%"*"-2 h3"q/`e*"2oy"j?1nt"
y'=12dx'h3"k.'cw1a}"d>"jt1d!ak*'b/`;e."
i:"mx1gu1d!amy"o/"nz1kw`ot"2a:`r%`h:"k*`
b_"h%"o+1d!a4"j*"-
ru`ey"4"d!a2f>'hw"d>"e81o*"+"r("*"7"
a%`d%"*'k)'{"p?`k&'e:';-j*"r9"a}'~1-2
d!ak&'h3"2a!"d$"mx1iz'kt`a:1i:"j*1k*'-
gv1:1f>'d!ac%`ov`d$"mx1iz'j8"*'/1e3`e*'2
qv"e*'~1ru`l7"ks"gu"jy'k&'h3"d!a;-mx1
dt`-22b/1q0's`gu1e+1a/"q(`h!1/1q>`d/1c*"
h3"+"2f>'h3"c!aev'ft'ot"j:1a:1-
*'ks`o>'cy1nt1dw"2i:"ax"q/`k|"hw"fw1}'
q0'bx1j8'q>12mx1gu1e3`s`d!aax"dv',dt"r9"
q0",e?"kt"d('d0`ky's1my1t`gu1;-k3"m/"-2
jw1ey12?`e:'j~1}1j~1o0"o<'d31;f>'f("k3"
*'e+'7"dt"o%"d%`d!1a:'m0`k31d!ag}`,y"f*`
i!"o0"q0'bx1et'k?"2i:"ax"a!`l!`*`l%"
;-l!'k*"-2 k+`k81ru`d3'="f*12c*"g/1?"i9'
p?`a:`{"f("k3"e%`m{1j*"ks"a:'d%"n0"g&1;
f("k3"mx16"dt"n%`2i:"ax"a!`l!`*`e."my1t`
gu1*'."ix"_`a%`h:'c{""""f>'e?'d*`e.`j*`
*'k!"iz'?'2;-fw1}'o/"i:"r!1mx1gu12j|"m0`
k31o>al-2
f>'k81e?'d%"nv1.1k+'o/`e*1-
i:"ax"a!`b/'et"hw"o/`e*1ov'+`i:"j*1
k*'2?'$"c%`i:'ku'ou`o/"l!`nz1$"mx1iz'a=`
o0";-dt`h:"k{"jw1-22rw1r%`f>'s`k!"r%`pz1
s`~"*"p01f>'ix"l!"oy"k.'y'=1k.`*"qv'*"
bz1dt`h:"2r3"6"c/"?'k*'c/"e)"cw12m*1o/`
f>'lv"o/"kt"d!aj8'rv"-
ky'k3"*'nt1j*'k!"8"d!an/`c*"2qv"e*'~1
jw1f&'k3" ,,GMAT1 oy"hw"m0`k*1k{"i("d!a
f$'kt"e)"iu'jy`d%"ns`8'i:"c*"d>"e81
,Baruch ,College a/`es'k&'+"ey1e{'
7,Industrial ,Marketing74
*'ks`ks`cy1nt1*'8"a&'e412qv"e*'~1dw"
a!ak?`s`d!acs"i:1d3'}"fw1o*"r!1k)'gu1d!a
a/"q/12a:'iu'q/"m0`-

ns`8'l!"2d>"o/"*"

iz'py1d*"*'j:"d>'q0'k*'2kv`k81ru`e?'
et'-
a%`d%"h3"$"r("f>'jw1q>'et"k*'$"ru`aw`2
6"jv'i:1n&"o/"jy'b/`*'d$'e{`e{`d!ag&1j*"
d%"d*`a_'e+'iu1m!a2f>'d>`lw'ks"b:'2et1
d!ac>"d!ae}'d!aft1d!aj~1r="hw"h$`c*`2n>"
/`$"h>1bu1d!ah:'$"qx`q/1dx'e)"d!ae?'jy1-
j|"m0`k31i:"$"c!ac*`e.`o f%1c*1j*1i:"
d!at`k_'o rw1i:"f/1p<"b}1f&`o
a:1d%"d*":"j:"6"jv'2f>'jy`js1l&'k+`k+`
i3'jv'r!1c*`d!an0"g&12a!"i:1k!"a&`k."c{"
k!"ks"k!"$"2f>'jw1c*1jy'h:"k*`d!ae:'e|"-
f>'ru`jy'b/`a:'b:1f>'d%"m0`k31d!ai:"*'
a&`e?"nt"33i:"ax"a!`y'kw'e.`ov"q>`f/1p<"
h:"3`k|1et"2nt"i/'i:"f{"ov`2m/"d*"i:"hw"
m0`k31ks"+""1d>'ix"q0'k*'jt12f>'ks"hw"
n%`rw`q/"e*1a!"a&`e?"nt"-
gv1:1ow`hw"t`jt1d!a="f*1o/"i%`33qx1h:a
m01a%1c3",i:"j|'o/"c{`k+`,m01pz1s`,jt1
o/"d3'2f>'e$'gv1a:'d%"m0`k31s`ru`d3'i:"
ax"q/`a/"2dv"d('m016"k3"-
*'b/'k*'bx`2*'au"rv1qz'y1mt"e*1cw12e:"
a('kv`k81l&'l_"2qx`q/1a:"iu'|1r_'+`a&'-
*'ks`ks`cy1nt1az"qz1m0`k31ky'k*"e{'f{1
a:'k*"2k+'d%"cz`jy'2j61gu1k)'ix"k+'f(12
cs1cx"rv"iu'i(`e."gu1f%`jt12;-a!"ks"i:"
m0`k31m>ao 3`s`m01s`cw1j3"d*"qx')'o-2
f>'hw"k*'bx`q/1/"gu1~1d!ae+1a/"e)"d>'
ix"k*"bz1b!'2n>1b/'*'ax'e+`a!ans`8'm(`
c|`k}`d!ad*"a:`k0`e:'k*'2a!"i:"hw"fw1}'
f3'pz1s`a%`d%"d!a*'k)'pt1*1c|`k}`-

e)"c!ab!'2q/1/"iz'c*"l!"ix"jt1="33;-3`
nz1$"n*`q/1/"m>ao-2
f>'et'ov"c*` check in1 gv1r("i3'2;-3`
{"a%`a/"d!ad*"qx'2n*`l!`o/"l!`ox'3`qv'
o%"a:`a%`qx1h:ao-2
;-dx'gv123`mu1q0'bx1c!"*"$"n?1q/1/"-
jy`="n?1d!af{1kt"i:"iu1m!ao-2
;-3`e.`a%`pt1*1,k{'f&'ot"c*",s`d*"f+`
d!ad*"qx'--2
;-n>"m!an*`*'k!"8"d!a|"e}"i:"d3'i%`
jt1o-2
;-d>"kw"ev',e:"ow`l7"~1o>al-2
j*1i:1f>'o/"jy'b/`ns`8'd!a/"k)"2dv"i$`
*'k!"8"d!aqx1h/'i:"/`jt'~12f>'e.`ns`8'y'
kw'o*`k{"k$"2*`o>'jt'~1$1k*'a=`2r}"e}"
bz1m0`k?'2y'kw'ev',e:"ow`-
q/1/"iz'*'fy'2m>`ix"i3'2;-o/"l!`nz12
hw"ns`8'2k{'f&'ot"c*"d!ad*"qx'k81d$"o/"
a:`e:"ow`m0`k?'--2 f>'e.`c!a*'e)"2;-n>"
ks"/`ow`o>al-2
a/"hw"c|`k}`j*1kt'2f>'*'qx'mt"dz`qx1
h:ad!ae{'e*12*'qx'mt"n&"jy'ns`8'd!aqx'
$"- e+"ft'e+"d*"2ns`8'd!ak+'d%"e:"e:"qx'
qx'2q0'bx1g&1*"ot"i:"2d&'e*'e."*` ,St
my"my12s1nv1e."o0`i/"h:"a/1j:"hz'k%';nv1
o0`e."*` ,Ave j|'k!12j&1d&'e."e*'i/"h:"
8"cw18"d3'-
*'k!"c*`ow"h3`s"2q/1/"iz'ox'f>'hw"mv"
r>'d="j|'a%`d%"*'k)'/`ow`m0`k?',k{'f&'
ot"c*"d!aqx1kt'-
gv1:12/`ow`m0`k?'d!aqx1kt'ru`e{`2*'ax'
b_1*'k!"i/'a3'2l&'e)"d!aqv"$1k?`g&1d!1
e)"iu'f*`e~1a}`:1*`- r("cw1f>'h:"k*`n>1
o%"a:`d%"e81e{"k+"e%`m{1j*"a%`d%" ,Bronx
k{'j|'*'k!"8"e:"ow`j*'i:1/`m0`k?'d!aqx1
h:a-
a/"d!a="f*1k+`k81c!a2ey1d!a="f*1+`kt`
dv'- n>1a!ai(`ax"h(`hw"ns`8'k+'f(1o*`j*`
fw1o0`i/'q/12c/"mt"py1fv`2gu1ey1d%"m01s`
ax"w"/"2o/"6"dv'e?'o0"k*'b!'dx`a/"2a:`{"
a}'e?'h(`c/"k*1l!`-
qv`d%"l!"+"o*`k{"m>1qv1- *`jt1hw"e81
e{"2i/'e+`l%"dt`h:"k*'2k{'o%"k%"i:"k.'
d>`r%`d!adt`h:"nt"k0`my1t`f&1e81fy'2my1
t`f&1e81hw"k.'f>'e+`bz1a&'=1k{'k0`k{"i("
lv"2i:"ax"iz'd!a*'qu"o%"k%"d!1f("k3"ru`
d3'my1t`f&1e81d!af&'c*"r!1h3"jw1nz1}1
bz1- ?'j:`f>'d!adx'/"a:'k*1i:"k+`k81ix"
l!"d!ak*'ou`;-rx1f(1-2-
i(`et'2f>'mw`*'fw1y'=1d>`h:"k*'2*'ot'
m<'e3`kt"pv1*'ot'ct"e*1y'd>`;8"d/1h!1l%"
e%`m{1j*"2k.'?"i9'p?`qx"hw"e%`m{1j*"e)"2
s1b/"m<'et`i:"j*"q>'b/'d!aiz'?'c{`k+`n0"
g&1r3"k.'f>'a}`r}"bz1y'=1dt`h:"c+"?"b/'
cw1m<'d/1;j:`7"2f>'a%`d%" ,Light ,House
for the ,Blind r!1 ,Jewish ,Guild for
the ,Blind c.`k)'i:"ax"k*'k("2jy`js1*"
k&'o%"d/1m0`k31dx'd*"d!ao%"a:`r!1h>1a:"2
k+"j:`c{`k+`i:1i:"-
ns`8'd!ay'=12k81d$"o/"e."fw1}'c%`i:'
ix"l!"k.`d!ar3"c/"?'dw"fy'd!ar3"l&'a&'y'
|`k{"i:"i3'd!a2=1q>`kz"pw"o/"ix"6"bx`-
ns`8'i:"k!"=1r9"d>"g&1c/12;-ns`8'l!"-2
cw1h:"i:"k+"k!"d*"2s`d!arv1rv1r/1r/12s`
d!ak7"iz'k7"d{"2s`d!ak)1h>1f!"i/'l(`?'2
fy'c*"d$"f>'k("bz1*'d>"l%`t";f>'e*"ix"
ks"s`*'my1k{"i("2iz'?'e*"e/"d/"l7"2f>'
a:`r%`6"c/"?'k*'c/"e)"cw12r$1k)'hw"qv`
q/"='e*1-
qv"e*'~1o/"i:"j~1e{"$1*'cw1h:"fw1}'d!a
cs1e81iz'2j8"i:"$1*'d!amx1iz'- gv1:12k*1
i:`q/'e!"*'."2|`t1e.'f&12f>'mu1lv"d%"qv"
e*'~1d3'ov"*`$1f>'i:"7"k31gu1;?'$"f>'mu1
o/"gu"$1fw1}'d!ai:"ax"iz's`k*'r$"r!1nz1
c*"d%"ns`8'nt"t1ks"e3`2b/1q0'mt"d$"mt"
k+'b/"2*'dv"c{`k+`i:1jy12qv`y"d('q0'bx1
;-au"ky'-2-
ky')"cw1h:"|1o*`j:`d!ab>'*"2o%'k9'ix"
l!"i:`6"d!aj*"jw1,8"d/1qx'i:"rw1s`iz'r31
nz1c*"-
b/'d%"m0`k312/1ey1d!a)'c*"nv1*`t1|"-
m0`j:"j&1d*"f+`n>1a!ai(`ax";-l!",l!",
l!"-2 h(`r$1k)'2dv'd{"d!aiz'?'gx"f>'o0"
kv`k/'k*1;d>`lw'mu12c*`mt"l&'dx"dx"d!a2
m01s`iz'my"2m01s`qz'ky`2e3`gv1/1$"-
dv"b/1c!ant"i/'2f>'o+1/1e~`h!1-
o/"k3"2mx1iz'hw"m0`k31nt"i/'o*`fw1}'
ey"q/12l!'k*"d!aq>'d>1i:`d!ah:'e4"j|`a:'
o/"k?"2f>'bu1k?"hw"e81i/"cy`|"c*`2d/"k3"
*'nt1l7"c!"b&'i:1d!acs1e81iz'r31-

l%"k/`p{"a}"e81q0"2iu"g/"m0`k31i:"
bx`

gv1:12ks"hw"d*"*'e81nt1l7"k+1i/"i:12
cs"i:1d3'}"fw1o*"k*1k.'6"k?"2;-hu`m!aov"
n!ao-2 f>'e.`hw"ns`8'k*"e|"iz'j=12dv"nz1
e.`b/'iu1m!aqx'q>`a}"jt1o
bx1j*1*`cw1f>'*'a:1i('fy'ix'+"h:'e4"
k+1m/"2mv`c{`k+`m0`k31k/`p{"ix"i:"k&'e:'
d!aky'y1kw"l_"2;-r!1o/"f(1h:'k/`p{"o f>'
o/"e|'{"i:"c*")'l-2 o%"a!ap<"q/`bu1a('
d!ae?'jy12f>'k81dy";-e)"rw`-2 *'i:"-
qv"e*'~1c*"6"e?"6"l>`e."?1rx1k+"*'}"
m0`k?'2mw`e)"*'jt'k/` playboy
enterprises {r9'r9'k&'h:`h>1a:"o2mw`k?"
d!ak)"$"$1/`dt`j*'/`m0`k?'2j&1j:`a!"a:'
k/`p{"b:1e|"ix"ax`2qx`q/1e.`a/"f>'*'o*"
a:'c*";c.`k!"8"r("*`ks`dt`/`m0`k?'f3'
i(`2a}`i(`kt'a}"k?"ev'jt'j*'ow`m0`k?'2
a!"k!"*"7"i('r3"$"f>'cy"p*"iz'c/"2_`r("2
qv"e*'~1ks"l%"k/`p{"f(1h:'$1b:1k*'ou`lw'
e{'-
k!1nt1f>'mw`j*1c!amx16"i!"o0"2o%'k9'
i(`f*1dt"n%`,e%`m{1j*",b/"m<'et`i:"j*"2
e3`s`=1kt"r3"i/'k*1f("k3"e%`m{1j*"ot"l!`
h:"ey18"d/12o/"e|'{".`cw"my1t`gu12l!"+"
+`a/1kt"o/"g/"k$`d%"-
f>'r!1m0`k31i!"r$"d!ad*"*'j:"r/"d&"hw"
:"nt1k*1-
e*"ix"d!a;-ey1e{'t1ks"-2 l!"|`m0`k31*'
k)'q01h%"k&'e:'r!1h3"2e+1a/"kw'k&'e:'k?"
ey1i:"bx`d{"b>1- a!"i:"k!"nv1d!1d!ak&'
h3"k*'r$"2l!`*`k+"k*'e81e*1g/1r!1|`c%`7"
r/"d&"2oy"c{`k+`m0`k31k&'e:'d!aky'y1ey1
fw"k?":1d!1a:'g/1r!1hw"7"k31iz'j=1-
kx'k?"ey1d{"b>1i:12e{'q0"a!`k0`d!ad('
i:"/1k}'f&".`d!ad>1v"2f>'mu1q0'd0`d$"n*`
j|`d!1e?"gu"jw1lu`f/`c/"au't1;f>'gu"au'
h3"i:"d!afw"d/"kv`d&"*'e+'hw"b%'k*1i:"
bx`nv1ey"2;-k%"e/"n*`o>a23`mu1r$"mw`a!"
k!"q01h%"o/"i:"?'$"f>'k|"s`iu1m!ac{`o/"
j*`d!ak&'6"2j.1c*"d!aj|"/'r!1$`d>"d!abz1
qu"2d('o/"i:";a:`?'$"f>'d!aey1a_"88e."
n|`gu1d!ae)"f*`002g/1j:`:1*`--2
d>1v"gx"qv"e*'~1r_`gv1d>"/"2|1i:"f>'
d$"kw'j*"+"f*1b/'a&'k%"33;-o+1fy'e{'q0"
a!`d!ar9"2f>'mu1iu1m!ad('o/"d&`l-2 k+1
c="b/'r/'k{"i("r!1c%`ov`d!a*"c{"a:'7"-
*'ov'cw1i3'2k&'e:'d('*`l!"r/"d!a*"kt"
$1*'k$'2hu`m!al!`nz1o/"hw"*"l!"r/"d!aqv`
y"n!ao
qv"e*'~1k|`ru`d3'c*"h:aq/`az"h:"k*`d!a
c="dt`-
*'ks`o>'/`nt12l!`l(`l!`c!"k&'e:'?'i:"
bx`d{"b>1k+1k3`q>'et"d>"o/"qu"d!al!"r/"
e.`r!';-y'f%1-2 l(`$"d!al!`l(`l!`c!"2|1
i:"p<"ft'r_'d!ah3"kw`ot"- dv";-y'f%1-2
l!`c!"ix"i:"r("2e{'q0"a!`o/"dv"o/"a:'b:1
j+`k/`k)"k*1k|"e)"d+12e{'i("*'c3"jt'ax"2
l!`l(`l!`c!"k&'e:'?'h%'j~1js1e{'q0"a!`
d!alx"*"hw"d/"kw`iz'bv`~1l(`$"d!al!`l(`
l!`c!""1l!`l(`l!`c!"i:'ow"d!a~1?'ks"hw"
|1fy'j|`l!"r/"d!a*"kt"-
f>'k|`cy"*'k!"|`iz'r31e*1e*1e.'k}'d!a
;-i(`k*'-2 i3'2ey1d&"dt"r9"kx'b/'c/1i:12
ow`qu'a:'o>'i:1*`ix"d!ae{'q0"a!`o{`i:"
o/"e|'{"2?'$"f&'r9"q0"q0'bx1k$"2g/1k3`
n>"i:1i(`k*'k&'e:'e.'e?"l!"r/"d!ar9"2ks"
o/"r$"d>"c."kt"h%"ey1d&"dt"r9"_`c/"2+`
o/"r$"d>"c."j/"e{'oy"k."d*'k)"k!12:1dx'
i:1i3'k81o/"mw`i(`k*'d!agu1r("cw1d('mw`
c!a-
f>'gu"$1k&'e:'y'kw'a/`d&"b_"h%"*'k!"
;-*"7"d!aky'e*`-2 k0`l!"r/"2a!"qu";-c*`
/"-2 i:"l!"r/";-jt1*"i:"-2 c*`e.`{"dv"
o/"a:'d%"+`/1q>`my1i3'd!a*'a&`ky'e*`-
h$"r("2f>'d>"dv`d!a*` ,Speeding ,New
,Products to the ,Market as a
,Successful ,Marketing ,Strategy--,How
not to ,Listen to your customers {bz1k&'
d!aey1e{'j!"c8"i:"6"h$"l7"d!ae/"d/"o>`
bv`p?`k+"i%"d%"i:"bx`2o+1fy'l!"r/"d!alo
dx'h3"i3"i:"c="=1d!aa/`f*1-
a!"pt'o/"c3"e/1f%"j+`k|"d/1b_"ey"d!a
7unconventional7 d!ai3"i:"c="=1iu'd!1k{"
i("gu"f&1r!1lu`dy"2+`gx"f>'hw"m0`k31d!a
ks"+"iu'k|"e?"e?'-

js1a:1c3"l&'2e.`h:"i>'

iu"g/"m0`k31ks"+"i:"bx`2f>'lv"d%"i:1
k*"r!1c*`c="d!ab>'k|"-
hw"ns`8'2au'az"s`h:'ou`d!ad>"k&'e:'jw1
r$"j*`6"ey1e{'gu1~12q(`h!1*'ov'k&'e:'d!a
ey1e{'gu1~1j*1i:1i:"e{'i("~1-
dv"$"c!aiz'r312f>'rw1i:"d0`a%`k&'h3"-
hw"ks"+"ix"2i:"ax"a:'|1f>'*`ky'o/"i:"
e?'c*`jz1mt"d!a?'y`:1i:"et"i:1d!aax"w"2
l%"c%1c*"d!ao/"nz1h3"2q0'd0`l%"t`ky'o/"
l!`d!ad('o/"nz1h3"2pw1b/1a!"e+'et"a:"2
nz1h3"d!aq0'bx1s`et"-
f>'a%`k3"mw"qx1h:ad!ak&'h3"2c%`ov`$`}`
d!ak|"k81f>';f>'a%`mw"c|"i$`j*"d!ak&'
h3"2c%`ov`i3'o/"e|'{"f>'a!"a&`gu1jw1;f>'
b/"b/"pz"o*"2*'/1e3`r3"-
q/"m0`a:'jt1d!ac*`e.`r!1o%"q/"j~1o0"
et"i:1r&1cs1t'm<"-
r$1fw1}'m>ao o/"e.`r$1j|";cs1hw"m0`
k31o hu`m!ak3"r31o k3"j|"d!ao/"i="e$"*'
6`:1ix"2f>'k?'p*1c*"k+12ey'j*`h:"i>'nt"
f(1-
hw"m0`k31r%`k*`j:"|"d%"a&"d>"j3"a!1/1
q>`pw1jt`i:12f>'d('e.`h:"i>'- gv1:1h:"
i>'jt12d('r$"c*`ey"d!ae:'l%`iv"r("33n>`
e+'i:"hu`m!ak{'dw"2n>`e+'d&'e*'hu`m!ab/`
c*`2dv"*'e.`d%" porsche1 f>'ks"i:'j|"6`
j*"-
,Porsche i:"f>'d%"m0`k31d*":"nt1iu'jy`
d!ad*"*'a:'d%`mx1j~`-
m0`j:"|"d%"j3"a!1r!1o/"g/1*"2 porsche
r$"k.'az`k!"iu'f*`l%"k?"2q/`$"f>'d!ab_'
ix'r!1p*1o0";f>'mu1jz1ky'k&"d/"nv1k}'26`
s`m0`r%`r$1*"2 8g/1k3`3`e:`c!a2i01a%"k/"
porsche80 *'e.`d%"a!":12f>'ks"e?'g}`c!a-
n>"*'j:"f>'_"k*"hu`m!ai$"a%1d!ac!a2k!1
ft'ey`cw1q>'et"h:"k*`rw1l!`*`r/'e*'2f>'
iu'iu'e*'c!a*'l(`j*";hw"m<'m<' porsche1
f>'rw1hw"29'2kv`k81r%`ox"2d('rw1r31a!a2
s"d/"k3"c!a*'ft'2~1cw1h:"k*`rw1bz'd!ae)"
j|"-
hw"d/"a%`k&'h3"i:12qv"e*'~1qx"j*"a/`
es'c.`nt1d!aa}'+"ey1e{'2k.'m/"o{'e3`dy"
h:"k*`s`ey"j|"j+`s`o>`3"d!a;-k/`p{"-22
oy"k*'k*1a}`e.";-r91:`k+'-2 k/`i:"f(1i:1
="c/"-

hw"r91:`k+'2=`a/"i:"+"

y"az'e?"f(1d%"d*"/`k)'i:1f>'d!1d%"mt"
fv1f&'a:'-
*'ov'k&'e:'ru`i%`ku'mx1gu1k+'b/"2?'$"
mx1gu1hw"ks"+"i:"bx`e3`av"d!ao*`c*"k*1
e{`2mt"fv1i:1c%`ov`="d!ad*"*'k|"r9"i:"2
;-n*`lv"o/"d%"{"hu`m!ak&'h3"o n*`e|'{"
iu1m!ai!"o0"r3"n>`e+'e+1a/"o-2
qv"e*'~1i3'2;-d$"|1k&'h3"23`l!`*`l%"
dt"n%`r!1l!'k*"b/`c*`2a&"dt`i:"a!"e+'i!"
o0"3`d('*`ky'k|"o0"c!a2k&'e:'o/"6"hw"h3"
!17"f(1h:'--2 i3'}1r("2f>'my1et`fy'd%"
c%`ov`e&'c!a*'l(`j*"d!aiz'?'-
kw'k&'e:'s`*'jt'd3'my1~1k&'2f>'i:"$1*'
d!ai:"ax"a!`- f>'e3`i:`6"d!ak&'k|"ku'j*1
f>'gu1}1j~1o/"f&12s`;-e%`m{1j*"|`=1h:"
ot"i:"e*"f&`-2,;-mx16"o*`k*"ey1dt"n%`
{rv1dt`h:"et`i:"j*"o-2,;-dt`h:"c+"o{`
k*'-2,;-#hj qx'a3'ix"ey1dt`h:"et`i:"
j*"-2 k*1 8linux h3"+"e*"f&`0 dz`d3'~1
k&'k|"2l!`*`gx"f>'hw"o/"f&1d!ae|'js1a&'
e4"e/"a%`d%"b/`c*`qx'q>`-
hw"r91:`k+'j&1i:"f(1h:'c*`jw1d0`et'j|`
d!1 series seven a:1a%"2qv1j&1i:"az"j~",
a&"k+",?1rx1k)'dz`rx1+"d('e|'{"a!"ax'a:1
a%"2q(`h!1i:"f&1$1q>`- series seven a:1
a%"o/"nz1h:"ey1o%"l%`2{"et's`k&'e:'d!a
hw"a:1az"my12o{`i:"n*`s`jt1nz12kw'k&'e:'
~"*"hw'p01n*`jw1ey1- :1ow`qu'a:'ks`i:1/`
*`ix"d!am0`k31gu1r$"i3';-ru`nv1l%`-22m0`
k31iu"a:"s`c0"e:"fw1}'nv1.1k+'d!ao/`e*1
ov'2a}'$"l%`o/"ix"d!agu1o/`e*1- qv"e*'~1
d%"k&'e:'ix"ov'r("a%`c!a*'e+'h:'c{"t1
d/12k)'ix"k3"j|"s`f(1h:'k/`i:"d!ai:1k*"
ky't"2o/"d%"c.`k!"8"ks"jy'e&'n>1d%"
series seven a:1a%"-
n>1d%" series seven a:1a%"hw"r91:`k+'
dz`|1n>1d%"f&'ey1az"- f>'*`k%'k*1f(1h:'
k/"=" 7senior investment consultant7 d!a
iu'qu"lw'i:`$"l!"r/"h3"c*`jw1k$'r9"- *'
ov'k&'e:'d('s`a}'i/`+"/"~12j&1k!"k}`d%"
a%`d%"6`s`px1d>"h:'bv`d!al!"r/"az'j|`iz'
*"2f>'hw"ku'k|"+"/"~1f*1k&'d!amy1dv'ku'
l!"r/"k?"ey1iu'd/"qx`fv1-
t1ks"e3`nt"d!a;-ey1e{'-2 a!"i:1pw"ix"
c!a6"bx`- ey1e{'o%'k9'f&`k*"e81,e?'c*`
e81,i!"r$"e812hw"iu'g/"qx`fv1i:12py1a!a
hw"e{"d!aa}'+"e4"ct"2f>'l!`*`hw"ru`d}`
i:1kt'n0"c{`k+`l!"r/"d!ae|'{"2iu"a:"l!"
r/"a:`{"f*1d%"m(`e+'a&"dt`2c*"g/1a/"n>`
c*`,lw'iu1m!ab!',r!'iu1m!aks`2k+'e)"cw1
f>'ks"l!`*`f$'j!"f>'k*`e$",nt1i('g/"d3'
i%`,j&1i:"iu1m!arx1+",i!"k{'jy1l_",k+1
r='|`q(`2f(1h:'c*`jw1d!aqx'e."i="kt'bz1
ey1-
kt"mt"jt1d!adt"r9"8'qx`2f>'o/"r$"{+`
k81d!am01o*"{"o k%"e/"d$"qx'h:"k*`i:"i:"
ax"a!`2kt"c!amt"2l!"r/"f&'bx1r$"d>"b:'*'
ky'2o/"k3"*'dv"k?"g/"a/`f*1ks"_"k*"c!a2
s1j*1fv1d%"a}'+"c*`jw1o/"qu"2l!`*`my1et`
kv`k81l!"r/"d$"f>'d!ae?"gu"-
d*"*'nt12qv"e*'~1jz1$"*'k)'h>1a:"i!"
d!ac%`ov`q/1/"2f>'s`*'e+'h:'bv`hw"rw`7"
{g/1g$"i:"?1rx1o2oy"j+`f(1h:'s1l_"lw'jw`
j~1{?'$"k+1i$"o- qv"e*'~1et'k*1a&'l!"r/"
d!ah:'bv`*`c{`k+`n>`e+'nz1d&"n>`e+'o/"
nz1d&"2h$"r("f>'c*`b/'c.`jt'j*'ow`}"m0`
k?'h3"qu'ev"f(1h:'-
d$"f>'d!al!"r/"cw1i3'2f>'rw1s`ru`d3'
h:'bv`2a!"o*`jt1i:";-v'j~1-2 d!a- r}"t1
a:'2}"*'o/"ey"*`e{`p01h3"i('+`nz1k+'i("-
qv"e*'~1e.`2k*"gv1g/1j:`2r!1o/"m%"k!"
qz'et`o
*'ks`ks`e:"nt1m0`k31_`k*"_`c/"k/`dx'
r&1-
f>'e~`h!1h3";-k%'r3"c*",k%'c*"g="-2
d!af(1h:'2o>`c.`jt'j*'ow`}"m0`~1d!aow`
qu'a:'ks`i:1f(1h:'hw"k%'l!'k*"k/`2j*1a&'
*'ov"e3`dy"$"ix"i:" 7,I4 ,P4 ,O47 d!a_`
k*"_`c/"k/` 7internet related stocks1 *'
ov'$"ix"i:"k/`p{"iu'o%"r!1dy"r("cs"i:1
ft'k*1l!`ix"i:"71 *`d*'k)"mw`k?"2c.`k!"
8"r("mw"b/'-
d>1v"k+'e{`2k+1k3`b/'r/'*"c{"a:'7"d!a
r%`2;-3`d!al!"r/"e{"d!ar!1o/"c&`h$`l-2
r91:`k+'ev'nt1d!ak&'h3"ky't"i:"f>'i:"
+"d!ar$'r_1j*12;-k%'k*1f(1h:'k/"="-2 d!a
f(1et1a:'e3`*`gu1gu1bz'et"i:"?'$"k&'e:'
q/"|`~1k&'k%'!1d!adw"|"- ~1k&'e?'h:'*`
nt1e?'k*"2d*`e?'$1/`}"m0`k?'2j*1|1d!ai('
g/"*`e*'i('h:'bv`d!ad3'k9`,$1k&'e:'e3`
a}"j|`d!ac*"g=":1b('bz12;-*'ov'cw1i3'2~1
k&'d!ad*`e?'a:`av"h&`i('g/"d!a/`qu'a:'
*'--2

m0`k31r}1ky"2i:"r!1mx1gu1k|'a/"

qv"e*'~1hw"r91:`k+'k/`i:"h3"c!aev'nt1
r("c*1lw'ns`8'2a}`av"a:'k)'k!'h:"c*"mu1
r/";*'qx'mt"k*"e|"j&1i:"f(1h:'c*`jw12cy"
*'qx'mt"h!1;-e.`i("iz'r31-2-
a:'k)'k!'s`k!"p{"c."d!am*"e*'ku'r/12
f>'ks"a/"hw"q/"k?"2py1g:"d!aes'et1r31d&"
e.'dx'qz'q/"2c*"g/1d%"r/1ot'b$'rw`qz',
ix`rw`n{`;e)"ft'lw's1fy`{r("mt"s`my1t`
gu1a:`i:"qx'e."o,d&'ft'r91e8`{a%`e/"d/"
e.'dx'd!amy1t`pz1s`*'l7"k?"ey12s1pz1s`
a:`?`f>'qx'e."o;f>'rw1e*`r}'j*1m>`2r3"
d%"i:"a&'e?'p?`bx1p/1f%1ks`r3"q0'd%"c>'
e:'$1k)'e:'k3"k*`ft';-*'k!"gu1,*'a:'
k(`-2 d!ar}'c!"k)"j*12g:"h:a*'dt`d('o/"
k*1m<"-
hw"m0`k312f>'o/"gu"$1h:"k*`i:"mx1gu12
n>"c*`s`i:"r!1i:"ax"a!`iz'r31d!ar}1ky",
b&'h/1d!aq/`k|",}1az`d!aq/1c*"j3"i:',l!`
*`q>'r$'d!aa:1bx`*`k*1;-e.`h3"iu1m!aks"
l!`*`j|"h3"-2 d!ad/1c*"h:"a/`nz1c*"- *'
nt1a:'a&'e|'{"my1t`gu1e+1a/"d!aj:"i/"a:`
s`c.`,ev'j:"2e."i:"jt'i('=1kt"i:1e|'{"
my1t`gu1a:`i:"jt'hw"n>`c*`;k("mw`k)'k|"
e|'{"my1t`gu1k%"e/"f>'iu1m!at1e!"2f>'e$'
gv1m01s`t1e!"kw"nt"2dv"a:'d%"n>`e+'t1e!"
d>'p0"*'j*`jw1r%`lv";b/1j:`a:'7"2iz'r31
f{1kt"ku'my1t`gu1k*'r/'*'."-
:"cy1cy1:"nt1e:"8"i:"f>'j|"k31i:1:"nt1
cw1d*"ev'j:"qv`fw1fv"j?'2i:1kt'bx1d>1*'
nt1|12j:`7"+`e.`b&1e?'fv"e3`r$1fw1}'iz'
r31d!al!`nz1ey"-
i:1:"nt1jt1f>'k81d!afw1}'d!ar}1ky"o/"
i:"r!1mx1gu1k|'a/"2i:1:"nt1r("n!ao
;-fw1}'i:1k*"et"l_"o*`i:1d3'nt1jt1k?"
o/"ru`d3'2dv"s`dw"kw`k?"d!ao/"qu"2fw1}'
r!1m0`k31d!ah3"q>`b>'*"ey"ru`d>"23`d!a
k("e.`o/"*'dy"i:"r!1a!"c*`--2 f>'rw1hw"
*"d!ai:"2i:"ax"a!`r!1d%`mx1j~`d!af&'ey1
oy"o/"p/`k*12iu"a:"*'e+'ix'k)'|`m?1a&"
o/"s`iv"d!afw"d/"2*`ky'p<"r7"f>'mu1d!a
;-h:"s1-2;f>'k81d!a;-h:"s1-2 y'i:"h:"hw"
:1o/"e|'k+`i:"r!1f!"*"az'j|`d!a2f>'e~`
h!1d%`mx1j~`h3"$1f>'d/1c*"ey1d&"d!aqx'
i:"2dv"i:"fw1}'r}1ky"j8"et"a:"f>'mu1d/1
c*"ey1d&"d!anz1c*";e3`*`f>'rw1i:"k81dy"
qv`r$1a:'k)'k!'2;-?'$"m0`k31d>"r}1ky"o*`
k{"e."*'k!"}1az`d!a88gu100 k3"d!aiz'
r31--2
k*1ot"h$"r("d!ak81h!1i:"c*1lw'2dv"f>'
d!aq/"m/`*`ky'm01s`i:1d3'nt1jt1d!adv's'-
?'$"qv"e*'~1hw"m0`*`j|`d!1*'o>`d3'k&'nz1
d!a{"b:12f>'l!`*`d>`lw'a:'i:"d!amu1,ky'
k*"d!amu1,|1c!"d!amu1rw1s`i:"ax"a!`o0"
k|1et"d!ae?'mu12et"hw"lv"j*`cw12dx'b/'
f>'q/"m0`f(1h:'gu1iz'd!ak*"r9"rw1i:"fy`
a:1d!ad!a-
{$"h='a&"dx'i:"a!`d!a?`e:'j~12ou`=1d!a
a/`k81k*1d%`mx1j~`k4'$1r9"my1o



d*"ks`p?1d%"&_1=1r91y

*'ks`ks`e:"nt1j*'8"23`j&1ks"k?'iv'd!a
i:`dv'q<1ix'e81t1ks"e3`o*"+"2a=`o0"d%"
ns`8'k&'h3"- ey1c*`e.'a&'a_'a!ao*"+"az"
i/'2r!1g/"e81i:1d!amz"e.`r!1g!"jy1- hw"
j|"ns`8'd!aq0'k*'ix"2l&'k+`k0`3`r9'iz'
m*`r!1a:`k?'- 3`hw"a:`k?'ix"e$1i(`e+`
e)"33;-ix'+"d!ak3"bz1l!`*`k*'q>'gu1c0"
d!aa:"c*"r!1b_"*"29'k81b/'gu1ey"h$"m0`
r%`*'mt"- 3`e.'e?"33j*"+"l!`*`kw`ot"i:"
k+"l-2
i:1nt1cw123`hw"ns`8',d&'ky',q<1c31c*`
d>1,fw1o0`k&'h3"2c*"ky'c!ak?'g&1,dt"n%`,
dt"y`,dt"i:"dz`o/"f&1bv`+"- dx'nt1hw"ns`
8'e)"c!aq0'k*'23`j8"o/"jz1fy1a:`q0'ey1-
a:1bx`d!ac}"cs1r!1j*`k."2m01s`v'j~1dw"
l!`*`d*`dx`- hw"a!"d}"c|`bz1a&'23`*'a:1
dw"a!ac.`kt"d&'e*a33*'kt"i:"dt"y`{az'q/1
jy1rw`o d!arw`o%"2cy"*'kt"ks"i:"n>"ax'2
k*"hw"a!amz"e.`d!aa:`k?'-
:"cy1cy1e:"nt1d!ah$"r("*'ft'2hw"ix"ov'
i:1nt1r("23`j:1j|"c!ak&'h3"2a=`o0"es'
k)"- j|"n>`c*`n!ao k&'h3"c!a/`nt1d!ans`
8'm>ao 3`{1{1f(1- ns`8'd!akv`k81ku'fw1
o0`*'."2d%"c!an>"c*`3`rw1i:"r$"$1b:1f&1
."d!aiz'r31qx'i:"2h='e41f&1."d!ae?'fw"
r!1k)"a:1- n>"j|"ks"k?'iv'o>al 3`qv'lw'
dx'nt1;-jw1/"k}`c*`-2 l!"ou`2e{`e?'d!a
n>1b/'a:`k?'- f>'e."r/1d+1o{'ou`2e$'gv1
e:`c!a2dv"e!"jw`*'gv1t"c*"- r$1d%"m/`e{"
o>al j|"e41a%`a:`k?'d!ah3"a!`2r!1i:1nt1
jt1cw"*`q0'e.1d!ac*`e.`a/`*"-
3`az"a&"j*1i:"d!ae41ku'a:'c|`2/"dt`c!a
ev'e{`i:1- ev'e{`i:1d!adz`dw"2hw"fw1o0`
d!aov"k&'d>"c(12kt`a:1i:"h$"d>"!"k*1l
e*1k}"*`m0`i:1/`qu'a&'$1dv'$"cw1dy"ey1
bz1d!a3`2ou`nz1d!ad>`lw'i(`k*'- k%"o+1
dt"r9"d>`}1r("2m01s`gu"r!1i:"h3"- a!"d$"
{'js1m0`*'qu'a&'d('{"s`bv`a:1d!a3`2i:"
j~1e?'d!aky't"- 3`c*1lw'r("k*'i:"2h(`d%"
mt`i$"ix'dt"- k*"gv1o/"mw` ,Chanel1 a:`
s`mw`c|"d("k%'- r%`ks`m01b:'c|"d("k%'
c!a2a!"fx"c|`bz1d!a*"*"2o/"ks"i:"a%`r$1
k3"j|"d!ah:"k*`m>ao 3`fv'hw"*`h:aix",ax'
lw'i_'f$`,o>`c|"d("k%'qx"hw"{'ix"2e."o<"
a&`*'."2e$"e+"b:'c!a*'d*"-
3`d!ae?'cy1a:'c|`2*'a:1hw"b:'d&'e*'-
r$1d%"iz'j=1d!a~1i:`a_"fw"2lw'i:`dx'e{`
rw1- ey1jt1ky'e?'f{'e~`d!ae{`i3',h>1a:",
dt"n%`,e$1iu'fy'f&`f&`m01n>1b/'cw1- i:1
d3'k!"e{`i:1d!aq0'ey12a:`s`b:'i$":1*`-
hw"fw"py1.1ix"l&'2r='i$"a&'s`gu1m<'3`d!a
i(`o*"- 3`mt`j.`az'lw't`ky'2e."7"p<1ov'
d!ac%`7"l&'q/1~1j:1e.1d!alv"a!a3`33;-et'
iz'2{"b:'}`jv'm>ao-2 3`dt`dt`f(12$1g3"
d!a6"a&'=1r$1d>1;-r%`>'l-2 3`h3"c!ai:1
nt1d!aa/`k}`2dv"hw"k?'ft'23`c!"|1h3"o0"
gu1a%"k/"d!ae{`rw1-
d%"ks"k?'iv'*`ky'}`ix"i:1:"dt`2i!"i:"
o>'d/"2ku'c*1lw'i:1d!afw1o0`*'."- f&'_`
h/'b!'k&'e:'d!ak+14"ix"23`d!aey1c*`b!'
e."d*'b/"r91d&"23`ct1mx1a9'a/"- h3"hw"
k{`c3"d!ac%`fw"fw"d$"3`$1e{"2gv1r("o*`
k!"i(`i:"2k%"e/"3`ey1c*`b!'i>'b!'kt"d!a
$"a:"- mt"d$"f>'d!aiv"*"23`*'i:1o/"a:'
g/1r!1r$1y"- >'l 3`i:"d3'ks`m01s`d$"m<"
iz'gu1$1e{"c!al
h/'b!'k&'e:'k0`c!a3`{"b:123`d>"o%'e{`
o%'h(`d%" 8,P#bc0 fy1b!'$"2r!"gv1lv"
d%"*'c." #bbd p*'m>`c*",bx1 #e.d k&'b:`,
l}' #b k&'b:`2e."n3")"d!aqx'a('*'."d!a
m0`k31b!'- 3`p%`r$1j|"a%`q/1/"gu1~1c*`
c="33;-r0'23`i:")`p*`23`dy"d!ai:"g:"ou`
p%`b!'l-2 ;-et'iz'23`mu1$"n?1mt`q0"iz'
k*12a!"i:"*'pt"r%`*"l-2 3`az"{"q>'o{'2
f/1gv1e.`j*`kx'jw1hw"k+14"ix"k{'3`;-i>'
b!'-2 d!ac%`fw"fw""""|1i:"a}`nt"*'e.`33
3`o/"i:"{"kw`ot"gu1iz'm>ao $"iu1m!as"et"
g/"k3"j|"d!ae*`r%"a&'o ks"lw'n3")"d!aqx'
a('o>al l!`*`a_'ns1a_'m>`2g/1k3`ey"4"2
rw1l!`*`a_'t"|"d!ad$"e."- l_"j+`3`c*1lw'
*`ks`2e|'{"ru`d3'm>`c*"2jw1nz1k)'e/"a%`
r$1h:"k*`- ks"a!"."2)`p*`j*`d&"c!ah/`q/"
k*1k{"b!'2lw'ix" #aja k%'e/"k&'c/"-
i:`dv'q<1hw"ks"k?'iv'nv1ot'e:"i:1qu'
a&',my1k{" 8,Palo ,Alto0 d!ae{`au"- ks"
k?'iv', ,Palo ,Alto1 r!1kz"nv1ot'd!a
;-iz"r!1e*'-2 a!"*'d}"2ks"i:"s`my1d!ae*"
k/`- k}"b}'e*"k/`d!ak%'e/"k&'c/"k{"
#aja i:"3`h$"e*`r}'d!ai/"h:"- hw"m0`
k31d>"e812g/"mu1l!"bz1d('k{" #aja4
dx'nt1kx'cw1i:`dv'q<1i:123`d%"d>"e81o/"
es'k3"e?'c*`e81 #aja- i:1nt1r("d!a/`
+"i:1qu'2lw'hw" #aja ix"2gx"3`k81d!a
*'j+"d('l!`*`b&1e?'lw'i:`23`k.'hw"*'j:"
;-g/"mu1-2 3`d!agu1iz'-
i3' ,Palo ,Alto i:"e{`au"oy"o/"l9'ax'2
i:`dv'q<1d!ae/1bz'ks"i:";-n&1bx`-2- f>'
o/"e."d>"bz1i:"c*`d!ae81e{"2$1j.1my1j8"
k+"dy"c!ae{"j|'r!1e.`e."c*"- i:`dv'q<1
d!ae{"i!"2e:"ev"hw" ,Palo ,Alto d!aiv'
p<'r!1j%`d*"ix"- h(`d%"n>`c*`d('l!`*`bu1
e:'2*'ot'$"e&'i/`+`l!`*`*'ot'ot"c="a:'
i:"- 3`a/"hw";-n&1bx`-2 a&'d!ae81iz'a%'
dw"e3`- qx1kt'e)1e{`2j8"kt`dv'kv'ky"2az"
i:"kw`k3"h:"e?'d!ar%`d*"qx'-
*'h%`j*`cw1d%":"c(1kt"iu'qx12f("k3"c3"
d*"b_'lv"d%"iv'p<'ix"e."i>'*'."$1g3"d!a
.1k_'2r!1p*'a!ai>'hw"b:'j%`d!am*1c/"-
d>`lw'dt"i:"2a/`b:1gu1k.`d!ao/"i:"az"
a:"2:1i:"g/1r!1h3"kz"r%`b:'d!a ,Cheese4
3`o>`p%`o/"k*'i!"dy"*'k!"e{`i:1- i:1kt'
*'d%"2k*'j*"h:"d&"kt`e/"2y1m/"ix"b/'et"
,Cool ,Down0 h:"."2gx"e?'f{"a/1kt"r$'q/"
az"bx1- g3"hw"fw1o0`2a!"i:1r("h%`ks"f{"
e)"cw12kv`j|"b&'h%`ix"ov'- dv"k?'ft'3`
a=`e|`h:"k*` ,Cool ,Down1 o*"j*`t`ky'e.`
i(";-mv"-2-
a&'/`j|"e81iz'jv'fy'b:'qv"2b_'7"i:"*'
l!'l!'d>"i/"r!1m/"a:"d!a+`jv'a3'*`- a!"
r9"mt"gx"3`e.`j*`dt"y`c*`$"|1k{'j|'d!a
ky'iu1c{1.`~"r3"k+"d/1a&'e?'2dx'e)"3`a:'
d%"cw1d$"c!ad*"qx'l 3`e$'gv1m01lv"*'iz'2
dv"r!1bx1o/"i:"oy"gu1o hw"bx1nt1d!ak&'
h3")'c*"e)"23`mu1o/"d}"d!ao0")'*"2hw"a&'
.'l&'f{1d!ad>"c(1c*`gz1gv1o/"nz1r/'e*'2
a!"nv1d%"o/"i:"*'a&`ky'iu1k*1oy"o 3`n>1
a!ajv'pv1h3"e)"2a3'ix"s`*'qu":"cy1cy1/`
nt1*'8"ev'g:"d!a ,Palo ,Alto ,Daily
,News4 e$1i(`*'qv'2d*"i:1ks`+"kx'r%`i:"
*'pt'fv"f%`a:1bx`d!a=1ax'2o{'f*1i:";-m>`
o/"fy1f*1d!ak&'h3"j*1i:1i:"i:'j|"c!agu1
iz'k)"a:1d!ao{`et"-2- ,,BANG6 a!"qu"q>'
ey1c."a:`s`cs"}"qu"d!ae{`o%"g/1j:`i:"i:1
:1a=`j8"d!adt`b/'c!a3`r!13`ru`d3'pz1s`
d!a="f*1l 3`mu1m0`g:"k)'ov'2j8"m01s`k)"
a:1r3"*"*"kv`- a!"nv1d%"2o/"i:"*'a&`d/1
?`o
e)"/`3`r$1d%"ix'e81t1ks"e3`- lw'e81d*"
*'ft'2e81iz'mu1.1*"a!ab&1e?'lw'i:`d!aey'
qu"r!1h:"e?"- o/"k%"cv1ix"f+'a!ak!"i!"
f}1q/"h!1gu1d!aa%"pt"2e{"g&1d>"d!al!`*`
f='e)"az`k!"i:"k+"- h3"hw"e81d*"m0"a:'
kt'fy'l!"2lv"f>'mu1*"ey'qz'q>'d!af%`c="
j*"+"v"c*"- s`e+'*"kt"3`f&1*"2s`e+'cy"3`
fv"e*1- dv"*'kt"i:"ru`jy'e*'33m0`*'dw"2
d('s`kz"nt1jy',kz"j&'my1d!agu1k?"g/"i:`
dv'q<12k?"jy1r$'e>`r("2c.`nt1r("k?"g/"
a:1bx`- f>'mu1r$"f{`av"ix"*'dw"d!ae.`
q>`2f$'qv'ix"*'dw"d!ak)"a:1- f>'mu1+`e."
3`mu1dx'nt1*'."2r$"o0"q/"|`*'k!"k*'r$"
cw1kw`ot"a!"k!"i:"k+"- f>'mu1s`j~1c*"+`
s`g!"jy12b!"d*`4"6"n>`k!"k*'r$"-
|1i:"3`bu1a&",j8"+`e&'c!a*'l(`j*"d!a
q>'et"33rw1m01kw`ot"i:"k+"d!a3`2*`ky'bz1
$1e)"*'dw"k*1|"kw`ot"d!ad$"e."- ix"d*"v'
pw1c!ah/`q/"k*1k{"b!'k0`3`2j*1i:1i:"d$"
3`lw'c!a*'k!"?`jx1a!aau'e."d!a}1e{"- au'
e."i:"33i:1et"c*`e.`2o/"i:"3`d!aa}'c*"-
:13`d$"m0`r%`i:"k+"d!ady"*"2+`$"o*"nz1?`
j*`k&"my1- r!13`*"kt"o/"r!1d!agu1o/"kt"
d!ad('q/`ow"c!a2:13`+`o/"6"i!`3`j*1i01
d!ao>`i:"k+"lx1hw"kt'ix"- s`i:1r("23`o*"
e|'qx"i(`, let go4 _"d{"k&'e:',l!"r/",
i:"k+",r!1$`d>"o/"d{"d!ah!1gu"kv`- s`i:1
r("23`o*"e|'a}'e?'d!a2a%"k/"h:"k*`-
hw" ,Palo ,Alto1 3`a%"k/"h:"k*`,et"b/'
~1ey1- lw'h/`q/"b!'2fy'i('?'k*'ix"/`nt1
k*1d!a 8,I ,Want to ,Dance with ,Some-
body04 *'az`ft'o/"k.`r9"2mz`b:'3`e*`r}'
d!ae.'k{'r!1i>'c>'- }`ix"23`lv"c!aj~1m0`
k31y`py1gu1*'a:"k{"r%`d!a{e41a%`e?'qx'
e."o 7,Sideways74 k/"i:"k.`*'k!"e{`i3'
k)'2d%"ks"k?'iv'av`lw'*'bx`p?`ks`a:'c|`2
k+"j:`a%`r$1h:"k*`d!agu1iz'
{u`"""r%`i(1e*'>'""""""""""o- lv"}1dt"y`
3`d%"{"qx12n>1a!a ,Palo ,Alto ,Daily
,News kt`e)"d!as'dw"k~"2r9'ov"e{`i:1t1
ks"*'az`mt"j.1d!ar/"i(`i_'-
r0'2o+1e{"3`23`a:'d%"o/"l!`nz16`~`k3"
a!"."d!ag:"h:a- 3`+`a:'d%"bu1jt1r!1f%1
o*"d!ab>'o+1ks"hw"a>`t`a:'kt'- {e41a%`
e?'qx'e."o d!ap?`ks`a:'c|`a:`s`*'a('2o/"
ks`r("3`+`r$"r$1k)'2f(1g/"cy"*'k!"av"
bx`- dv"j:`i:1j:`l!"2ft'i>'d!al 3`iu1m!a
d('o/"k}`23`a:`k}'e?'i('?1fw1jt1a!"o%',
az"hw"d>`a!1d!ao<"r!1fx1l
dt"~1d!a/1et"dt"d$"k.`k*'e.`j*`2dt"ax`
r/'k{"f>'- f>'n>1j*`cw1r$1d>123`l!`*`fy'
kt"dt"ax`d}"e|"d!aiz'?'- 3`f/1gv1e.`j*`
hw"cw1ks"k?'iv'd!aq0'k*'ix"2k*'ax`hw"k."
c3"jt1jz1i3'33;-3`mu1m>`ix"ks"{"k."c3"
hw"ks"k?'iv'k31k*"k*'bx`2e.`{"i('fy'3`
r!1f>`fw1f&'r9"d!abz1l!"2l!`*`hw"d*"ks`
p?1d%"fy'd%"--2 j&1o/"i('fy'd!a3`2*'i:1
r%"j*1d!adw"j*`:`k*'- ky')"d!aq>'et"dx'
d>"o/"qu"bz1l!"d('hw"r=1r=1!"!"d!abu1i$"
i:12f&1i:1kt'az"s`*'d}"a}'+":1jy'ey`d!a
d$"r9"hw"k?"ey1-
:1iz'r31o/"ks"e."a!"."o dx'3`mu1az"mx1
|1i(`a&'h:"*`$1a&"{"d!ai:"/"i:12au'az"s'
k}'3`mu1iz'e:`d!ad$"r9",au'az"a&"{"d!a
gu1,i:",jy1,w"az"j{`j{`d!aj&13`mu1iu'px1
cs'h(`"""
3`r$1d%"m/`e{"2mv"mv"a}`lw'23`iz'my"
a&'d!ad*"ks`p?1d%"-



$"bu1o>"o>"e~`*'q/"qx"d>"ky"&px1
l!"k/'m>'o%"d%`y

q0'bx1d3'd!ai:"ax"a!`j?'i/`h&`i:"o%"
b:1a!a*'k!"*1="33;-$"iu1m!a*`ky'$"k)'gu1
f{'e~`c!aqx"d>"ky"c!a2j8"gz1gv1/1q>`gx"
f>'lv"d!aru`jy'b/`n!ao-2 +`s`e|`d3'?'$"
c%`nt1:1i:"c*"f$"r9"d!aax`o0"2my1my1*`
ky'i:`6"c!aqx"d>"ky"2j8"c%`k81d!ai:"c*"
|"cw1|"h%'- a!"e+'="f*1ks"ky"b/'hw"n>`
c*`o a!"*'j:"k.'au'd$"qx"d>"ky"d!ae~`k("
h3"*'k!"kt`dv'd!ak+"i%"-
e~`k("qx"d>"ky"jt12s`*'k!"k*'ou`d!ak_'
e81~1c*`i:"o*"e|'{"c{`k+`d!a- n>"ks"i:"
o0"c|"8"d>"d!aqx"d>"ky"2j*1a&'e?'i:"k{'
qv"$1i:"8"e{`d!a- c*"g/1*'ov'hw"i/'dt",
#aj ~1ix'dt"l!`*`mw`d%"d!aqx"d>"ky"2j*1
ky"mt"d3'ov"hw"a:1ky" #g k&'qu'h3`s"2dv"
i:"f>'d!ao0"c|"ks"a:`et"a:"hw" #b o0"h3`
s"- a!"."d!ao0"c|"2d$"*'ov'dv'b=1?'f$"
r9":1lv"o/"jy'b/`d!ac%`gu1k)'cw1i3'2rw1
hw"l!`k+'i("qv"$1;dv"g/1k3`s`ow1n0"ax",
i:"_`m<"oy"ot"dz`j*1f>'oy"q>'d!aaz"a_"2
a!"a&`o0"c|"ks"o/"k("c!a-
e|`d3'gu1ky'bx1q>'b/'d!a*1="i:"23`l!`
o/"l!`*`hw"dt"i:"jt1mt"k9"*'pt"{r!1dt"
i:"y1m/"*'."d>"o qx"d>"ky"2a!"."ks"l!`*`
o>`dt"i:"r9"mt"qx"d>"c!a- 3`mu1s"e|'a/"
*"d!ai:"2qx"d>"ky"a/`{"d!af*1k&'k&'nz1
i:"o>`/"kt";-qx"d>"-22:1q0';-jy'b/`-2-
?'j:`2g/1k3`?`j*`i:"c*"d!a="f*1i:";-jy'
e*'d/"-22n>"m!aqx"d>"ky"k?`nz1f*1k&'k.'
kw'/"f*`qx"d>"d%";-lv"d!ad%"-2 d!aqv"$1;
a:"|1qx"d>"d%";-h/1*`jy'e*'ot"i:"-22n>"
o/"hw"qx"d>"ky"d!af*1k&'qv"$1- ?'j:`
;-jy'e*'d/"-2 |`;-qx"d>"o0"c|"-2 e$'s`
k}'ct12dv"i:"j8"m01s`k81d$"d!ak}'e*"-
r%`c>'2bu1o>"o>"?'$"ow1n0"ax"d!a~1k/"2
jt1cw1c{`k+`qx"d>"ky"kw'g/1r!1e~`k("- 3`
mu1f&'bx1r$"et'c{`k+`bu1o>"o>"e|'{"i:`6"
qx"d>"ky"d!aqv"$1- bu1o>"o>"m0`ft'8"d/1
8' #b k!"a&'f(1d!ao%"a:`2o%"a:`d!ad>"o{'
f*1ix"l!`h:"ey18"d/12dv"i:"n0"=1a&'d!a
h:"f*`h!1}1j~1/1q>`ot"i:"- bu1o>"o>"o/`
b&'i3'my12?'$"ky'bx1o/"cs1*"2e3`*`bx1o>`
qx"d>"ky"i7'p<"2k}'|1a!"*'dt`+`q0'bx1d!a
l/`n%`-
bu1o>"o>"~1cw1i:`6"d!aqx"d>"ky"i:" #b
o0"h3`s"d!aqx"d>"ky"2hw"et"bx`j!"i:"d!a
i:1r("23`mu1et'gx"bu1o>"o>"ot"i:"*'ov'
o%"a:`h:"f*`2q>'et"g/1k3`m01s`qx"d>"ky"2
i:"i/`|1}1j~1/1q>`8"d/1d!aa_"fw"- ky'k3"
i:1k*"d!aj!"c.12q>'et"bu1o>"o>"e|'{"d!a
qx"d>"ky"o0"c|"j*1i:1y'kw'hw" #e o0"h3`
s"- dx'3`mu1o/`b&'fw1dz'a%"my1i:12q>'et"
bu1o>"o>"d!a8"d/1e/"d/"ot"l7"c!a2|1i:"3`
mu1bx1i:"k.'o0"c|"e."e)"k."a:" #d.b o0"-
$"iu1m!a{"h3"a!"."d!abx1i:"n!ao ?'$"
o0"c|"8"k%',j*1ky"mt"a:1ky"8"e{`;f&'bx1
8"d/1i:1$"c!ahz'k)'e{"nz12h&`r$"e*'_"ky"
mt"a:1ky"l!`*`8"d>"8"r%`2?'j:`k*'|1a!"
k!"~1c*`3`mu1d('r$"k?"l!`nz1e+1a/"i:`6"
a!`a%`d%";-ky"mt"h$"d>",o0"c|"h$"k%'-2
d!aky"pt"- et"hw"j8"dy"c!abu1o>"o>"e|'{"
d!aqx"d>"o0"c|"c!a2hw"m01s`o/`b&'a%"my1
i:12o0"c|"$1 #e o0";o/`b&'a%"my1i:12o0"
c|"8'hw" #d.b o0"- $"c!ao%`b:1qx"d>"ky"
i:`6"r}1ky"d!a*'a:"ey"23`mu1e~`6"ou`iu'
q/"s`a%"my1d!a ,,LED qx"d>"ky"- ,,LED
ow1e!"dz'~1d!aa%"d/"k{"b}1f&`r_1e!"dz'
p%"$1k%'2j+`8"d/1j*`cw1j*1k_'a%"+`ru`='
r!12?'j:`hw"a!"k!"v"c*"a&'e}"i:"h$"$1i:"
r!1d!aqx'i:"-
k+'e)"cw123`mu1j8"dy"bu1o>"o>"i:`6"
#d.b o0"qx"d>"ky"d!ak|"c*1- *`f>'d!aa_"
l_"cw1i3'2k/"dy"d!a8"d/1k|"c*1{o%"a:`|`
qx"d>"ky"a:'kt'd!ak|"c*1o 8'hw" #aj k&'
qu'h3`s"2?'j:`3`mu1k.' #d.b o0"d!aqx"d>"
ky"2qx"a:"hw" #h--#aj k&'qu'h3`s"d!ak)"
h:aix"- j&1jt1mt"d!ak*'ou`h:'c{"23`mu1
a:'d%"bu1o>"o>"m0`j:"lv"o%"a:`b>'o/"d3'
d('e|'{" #b k!"e{`i:1d!ai:1kt'2g/1k3`*`
i(`b:1i:"qx"d>"ky"cw1i3'2{"*'$"c%`gu1k)'
ct1e|" #b e{`i:1d('o*"e|'k.'qx"d>"ky"o%`
b:1hw" #aj k&'qu'h3`s"d!ak|"c*12j+`h3`s"
*1d&"2n>"i:"*'kt"q0'bx1e?'l/`d!ai:"jy1-
?'j:`k*'|1a!"."d!a~1k/"2hw"qx"d>"ky"d!a
e~`k("a&'2ks"e|'l%`c.1;-k/"dy"k|"c*1-2
d!aa&"{"ey"- et"hw"i:"mt"ix"s`e|`d3'i:"
*`ky'k.'k|"c*1|`*`k/"dy"d!a2a:`{"q/1r!1
py1k/'d!ae."m/"2a!"e+'d('i:"q0'bx1i:"r!1
d!ak&'k|"-
hw"cw1*'k!"="f*12n>"ks"i:"bu1o>"o>"ky'
bx1r$"o/"e{`e?'o>`f>'d!aqx"d>"ky"pz"a_"
d%"d*"ix"2*`a:"r$`e=`- a!"k!"="f*1kz"k)'
d!akt`*"b/`c*`333`mu1a:`{"hw"qx"d>"ky"
d!aoy`ix"bv1g%"*'f{1t1e!"et'my1d!aj/'
et"2k/"dy"e~1k9"hw"ky`h:aix",r3"i:"k/"
dy"hw"a3'ix"d!am(`*'dt`2k*1i:1o/"e{`e?'
d{"e)"cw12+`r$"?'$"j/'et"d!ak}'e*"2:1s`
c!ar}`b&'d!ah3"6"-
hw"bu1o>"o>"d!av"c*"a&'23`mu1hw"d/"kt`
i:"2dx'py1c.1qx"d>"ky"i:133i:`6"k&'nz1
k*1m/"d*",i:`6"i:1kt',i:`6"e*1k}"dz`dz`
d('r$"i:"e|'{"cs1*"d!ad*"qx'- *`e)"i:"
hw"ou`pt'q/1a&'e3`fv1d%"d!aqx"d>"ky"ey1
i:"2l!`k&'h3"$1e~`k("i:1d!ajv'l%`- a:"|1
qx"d>"ky"kw'hw"n>`c*`e~`k("2d>"ey1d!aow`
r3"k&'e:'{k)'dt"c(1jz1o,i/'dt",k*1s1i!",
q/`k|"k&'e:'d('l!`*`a%`d%"- i/'dt"e3`qv"
i("d!ad3'*`e81f&1k}'b>1h:"gv1et"e."i:`6"
d!a #b o0"h3`s"d!aqx"d>"ky"$1a/`;k*1s1
i!"e3`qv"i("d!aqx"d>"ky"2l!`*`a%`d%"av"
c*"i:",a&'o0"c|"{8'k+"|1 #g--#bj o0"o
d!aey1i:";a:"|1a/'o%`k&'e:'l!`*`a%`d%"
d!ad3'ov"i:" #bj o0"*`ix"d!aqx"d>"ky",s`
i:1rw1q/"s`b:`k$'*`qx'ot"c.1j!"o%`i:16";
ow`r3"k&'e:'a&'d!aa}'k$"2f&'bx1r$"r!1_"
~`ky",qx"d>"ky"dz'dz`e.'k}'bv`p?`qx"hw"
*'j*`- g/1k3`k!"gu1e3`e|'{"d!ai:"f!"i/'
k$'k!1k*1o0"c|",a}'$1i:"ax"a!`qx'ot"d/",
i/'i:"d/",m0`k}'d/"dz`l%`c.1d!a2q/`k|"
k&'e:'e3`f*1k&'d!ad3'~1e~`h!12j*1h:'~1
r$"o*`k{"b&'|"2dx'gv1s1|1bv`p?`d3'ov"cw1
h:"d!1k31,g:"ou`k*1('a('k31k)'2h:"gv1k)"
k!1+`r$"k{"k%'-



o/"k~'t`k{`m<""`"cy1r=1r$1k)'r!1
e|'g("t`

js'e{`m0"m0"c*1lw'gu1kt'r("2f>'d!akv'
r!1iu"d('k~'b/'cw12dv"f>'m>'m>'kt'b:1o/"
k~'t`k{`m<"2?'$"e*'_"f>'k.'cw1a%`d%"r$1
k)'d!ac/"-
d$"|1js'e{`m0"k)'i/`o/"~"k~'b/'js'e{`
m0"t`k{`m<"2g:"jt1dt"i:"o%"d%`a&'s`qz'
i$`i:'i3'33;-k~'t`k{`m<"2dz`|1i:"i3't`
ky'o/"kv`az'lw'2t`ky'o*"j*`cw12ks"r$"m*1
c/"m>a2f(1j*'i:1f>'l!`nz1ks"m01s`ov"q>`
r$1cw1--2 a!"a&`i3'q>`2}1j~1m01s`bx1i:"-
k)'i:"3`mu1h$"i(1e*'d!ad*"qx'2gu1bx1
i3'333`o*"ix"t`ky'd('nz1r$1k)'- i:"ax"
pz1s`hu`m!ar$1k)'o dx'gv16"o/"d%"t`ky'-
gu1_`iz'r("2g("f*`kv`k}'k4'fy1a:`4"
h3"2cy1r=1r$1k)'r!1e|'{"6"g("t`lv"c/"o
r!1e|'{"l%";-s`ky't"d!a-2 q>`i:'dw"cy`o
q<1k{"|`d%"k{"n>`s`a!"a&`k?"k*"|`i3'q>`2
au'i:"=1e3`$"=1l
js'm>'m>'k81dy"ox'js'e{`m0"*1w"gu1kt'2
k~'d3'k~'i%`j*"k}'d('i:"h$"d>"w"d!ao{`
et"- k~'r3"o/"k~'t`k{`m<"2d('o/"e|'{"gu"
r!1c*`s12e.'e?"d>"k)'d('a:`s`*'k|"r9""1
kv`u'l jy`t`kt'd!ah&'k{"gu12d3'w"*'dt`
n*`+`hw"j*1a&'d!aet"i:1i!"r$"o>al



e81j!"k31=1f*1m/";-i:'j|"-2 i:"ax"
l%`iz'kv`b/"f!"o+1iu'

;-88i:'j|"00 d$"3`cw1i3'2kv`b/"f!"o+1
iu'l-2 k?'nt1d>"e81e81l!'nz1c*"j!"t"2*'
my1i:"ax"iz'hw"q/"j?'p01f&1e)"o/"b/'fw1
d&'l%`bx`2d$"|1k31=1l!'d!ah3"=1f*1m/"
;-i:'j|"-22f>'i3'ru`r%`2;-i:'-2 |`
;-d!1-2 a:'kt'2f>'h$"nz1kv`i("-
ks`i:1e:"e81nt1d/"d>"e81e81l!'nz1c*"
j!"t"dz'bx`2i!"hw"fw1d&'i:"d&'rw`k31a&'
d!afw1d&'l%`j|'6`g/"*'jt'*'ow`|1my1l%`
iz'2l%`bx`a:"e|"c.1r%`2p01l%`d!ak)'ax`
o/"d3'2s`ev'$"l%`iz'?'a=`l%`az"*1i:'2e."
d>"e81g/"e81l%`i:"a&'e?'fw1d&'l%`j|'ov"
k&'i:"iu'jy`o/`q>'-
fw1d&'l%`j|'s`:"$"f!"i/'l%`iz'2a:'f*`
o/"ot"d!af>'mu12d$"|1h3"=1f*1m/";-i:'
j|"-22kv`f&1iu'i("- cw1h:"r("c*`j*`my1
e81e{"d!ai:"ax"iz'i:1y`a:'i3'2f>'iu'iu'
d!af*`t"d%";-d!1i:'a:'kt'-2 ou`cw1ks"i:"
*'f*`d!a2dx'n*`i:'j|"r("2e.'d$"r3"d!1d!a
l!`nz1r$"kz"d3'-
f>'i3'2h:"k*`j&1e{`t`ky'i:'my12e$'gv1
lv"o/"d%"7"k+"o?'qu'd!ae!"jw`2dv"i:"n0"
e?'e.'dx'm0`c*"2f>'r3"d!1kz"d3'q/"m/`j?'
d!aw"r!1k}'r71-
i:1y`a:'i:"c*"6"dt"n%`dt`h:"k*'c{`k+`
="f*1r!1h3"d>1- f>'d!aq/"j?'i:1a:"r_1*'
a:1hw"px1ot'p01a!af>'2i:1a:"r_1i3'2j&1
e{`t`mx1d!an|`:12hw"j*`my1e81e{"e81e*1
jy1l_"ru`r%`2:1j+`+`e81r$"d/1c*"2a:`i:"
d$"e|'{"f/1ey1,t1e!"o{`d>1d!al!'m/"k{"
m01s`kw"nt"-
i:1a:"r_1i3'2n|`:1b/'iz'i:1?'$"jy'k_'
t`2/`ft'r("i:'my12k31e{`i:1e&"d%"fw1a&'
r("c*`j*`my1e81e{"ks"d/12a/"hw"e81e{"i:"
y"f}1f*`iz'r312e81e{"ky'bx1k/`c*"e81iz'
d3'k+'b/"i!"r$"2e3`*`a('es':"g:"o/"a=`
cs1e{"- i:1y`a:'py1bx1i:"d%"fw1a&'d!ak/'
k/'k)'d/"k3"a('m<"-
d/1k31e{`i:12i:1a:"r_1k*'r/'i:"m0`k!"
8"a:"i%`d%"fw1a&'lv"n|`:1*'j:"2d%"c!ak31
a&'h!1kt`i%`d%"*'e81j*1:"a:"ev'j:"2k%'
a&'r("k*'r/'i:"*'nt1*'j:"2a/`{"i:"gx"n|`
:1e81e*1d/1c*"2et"hw"n|`:1o/"k?`nz1d/1
c*"2:1j+`jv'k)'kx'j?1o*`ew"d!1k3"ru`d3'
k.`2h:"k*`k81d!aru`e?'$"-

&iu'ax"l%`iz'y kt"d&"gu1 nt1o%`o%`
h:"e?"ix"au"

f>'mu1c.`d('h3"a!ac=1*`2*'8"ev'i:1g:"
h%`ix"2a=`i:1d!ajv'k)'d>"e81e81l!'nz1c*"
j!"t"- bu1y1k4'e*"?'c*1r}"et'ft'ey"k*'
g("$`e3'az"2o/"c.1|1ey12s1o>"m>'p01f&1y"
i:"2f>'i3'k.'cw1e.`nt"y'=1e*",k%`qv'*";
:1k!"ey"lw'cx`d!aa('jt"g/1c*1r}";-4"d&"
iu1ky'~1f$"r9"k*1oy"-2 {k*1e/1bz'd!a
;-kt"d&"gu1-2o2f>'i:"d3'~1g/"e81l%`i:"
lw'ov"*`cw1i(`$"kt"d&"gu1l%`iz'2f>'i3'2
f>'s`h:"e?"hw"y"i:"i:1l!`j~1gv1q>'r$'i:1
c*"2oy"hw"k.'cw1k?"g/"h:'k}`e*"ks"d/1-
k?'nt1d/"o%"l%`d>"e81e81j!"d!aiu'e?'
ax"w"l%`iz'2k&"s` #abj my12:1i!"hw"fw1
d>"d!aiu'ax"iz'i:"bx`2h!1s` #db my1l%`
iz'-
b/1c!abu1y1k4',a('jt"g/1a:'7"2hw"fw1
o0`j*`my1e81e{"ks"d/1d!ac{"a!1k4'+`h3"
a!ac=1*`- f>'c*1r}"d!ak*1oy"2ks"i:"7"k+"
e/1bz'd!a;-nt1d3'fx1o%`o%`-2;k?'h%`2c{"
a!1k4'd*`d>1iu'ax"iz'l%`bx`jt12kt'b:1{"
a/`k7`ax",6"h(`d!a2j*`my1e81e{"e{"ax`c?1
c*"r$"e?'s`o/"gu`2a:`r%`q/1a!ac{"a!1k4'-
c?1c*"r$"i3'2c{"a!1k4'~1ou`ks"d/1e&'
iv'k%'ix'2dv"k%'*'e)"e81j*1i:1oy"jy1k)'
a&"2k/`k!1f$"r9",i:"c*"d>"q/1kt`f$"2a!"
jw1a}`d%"o0`i:"j*`my1- e3`*`2c{"a!1k4'
iu'k%'a:`s` #aba k&'qu', #db k&'k?'2:1
f>'+`i:"j&1dx'i:1jw1lw'i:`e81dt`h:"2:1
f>'hw"a!"j:"h!1*`gu1k&'c/"?'d!a;-o%"
d/1-2 qx'i:"h3"d>1-
cy"*'my1c%`i:'i3'2nt1d3'fx1o%`o%`r31
o/"bx12c{"a!1k4'h:"k*`+`a:'d%"a!"dt`2e3`
*`2*`jt1d!af>'k!"ey"ru`bu1mu"2dv"cw1d%"
j*`my12f>'|`e|`d3'i:"ax"f&1e81e.'b/`2o*`
j:`e.'e*12c{"a!1k4'jw1a}`ot"bz1lw'cx`-
+`?'j:`2c{"a!1k4'i3'2f>'d>"e81e.`nt"i!"
k&'r3"q/`d%`e*"2r%`ox'a/"j*1f>'gu1-
hw"k*'c&1ix'k&'ks"d/1d!abu1y1k4'2jy'
bu1k*1s1o>"m>'j&1k*'c&1hw"d%"l%`bx`- f>'
i_'i(`a:`k)`f/1mv`jw`r$"2*'t`ks"gx"gu1
ky't"2f>'i3'2nt"i/'c0"c!a2kv'j$"hw"a:`
k)`f/1jw`r$"2*'qx'mt"l!`i/'r}`)'c*"2kv`
k81ix"+`l!`$"h:"k*`dw"cw1r%`4"-
bu1o>"o>"i3'2f>'mu1hw"k*'c&1h3"e{`b:'
iz'*"- bu1y1k4'?'c*1r}"et'ft'ey"k*'g("$`
e3'az"2o*"e|'l%"c=1*`dw"o/"- j&1ix"e{`
e81,k31a&'d%"k%'a&'2f>'q/'j*'c.`m0`ft'
d('lw'b!'e&"n|`:1ix"e)"e812a!"*'j:"l%`
i:"+`o/"c*"7"- bu1y1k4'i3'2f>'d!ay'=1,
i!"r$"l!'o*`k{"j.12y'kw'nz1n>1k%'qu'2:1
k.'cw1h!1e*'_"nz1nt"y'=1e*"-
a('jt"g/1m/"jt1hw"o0`*'n|`ks"d/1- f>'
b&'mv`d!ah:"e?"i3'2fw1o0`i:"k+14"l!`a:1
d>1d!ad>"e81ks"i:"fw1d>"2e3`*`2f>'o>`fw1
d>"c+"$1d*"*'a:"~"2oy"{"e~`h!1h:'k}`e*"-
e$'i3'e?"e?'mv`mv`2dv"a('jt"g/1gz1o>`*'
m01ey"4"q/1k9"ix"dt"d&"c=1*`ix"2f>'i3'2
a!"i:"ov'ix"f&1e81d%"m{"c*`js1cw1d!a2m0`
k!"gu1*'m012f>'g3"m01k9"2;-j*"i:"ks"r$"
i/'gu1*'k+1-2-

k%'i:" / g&1h&`v"m<1av"lw'm/" r}'y1
m?1a&"cw1;-m>`-2 *'e)"

k%'e61i:"az"q/`i!"r$"k|1k*"ix"a('|1m?1
iz'*'~"bz1c*";-m?1iz'v"m<1av"-2 r("2*'8"
:"i:1g:"ix"/`ks`i:1ev'i:1qu'hw"|1k%'e61
g&1m?1h&`*'~"*'c(1d>"fy'bz1c*";-g&1h&`v"
m<1av"-22lw'm/"r31d&"s1i!"r$"k|1ax`r&1
q/"qz',g&1m?1h&`*'~"a/`gu"m*"i/'e8'=1
f&',*'dt"i!"r$"q/1c*"k*'k?'r$"h&`kv"i:"
c?1d!1bx'dz`gu1dw"o{`k+'m/"2az"i:"j*`p%`
f*1k&'v"m<1q/1/"-
$"hz'k)'kz"d3'i:"ax"v"m<1i:'ks"+"k*'
r$"2i!"r$"k|14"6"i:"ax"ks"+"k*'k?'a}'r/"
ky'q0"bz1c*";-e&'o<1v"m<1av"-2,;-i:"q/`
v"m<1q/1/"j|'-2,;-k&'q/'v"m<1k}`{k31k*"
et"o-2,;-k&'q/'v"m<1k}`{k31n0"et"o-2,
;-m?1iz'v"m<1av"-2 dz`/`b/"i!"j|'v"m<1
av"f*1k&'ev'i:1ev'$"v"m<1i:'k&'h3"k*'
r$"2d$"kw`iv"i:"ax"a!`iz'r31p<`d3'a/"*"-
#bj g:"bz1c*"d!a;-g&1h&`v"m<1av"-2 k.'
i:"kw'k|1e3`q/`d%`|1*'~"i!"c*"d!ad*":"
k!"q/1/"k|"dt`2f&1."k+1r!1iu'e?'ax"w"q/1
c*"f}1f*`*'dt"i!"r$"q/1c*"k*'k?'r$"ov"
c*`2;-g&1h&`v"m<1av"-2 e3`av"d!al&'kt'8'
$1;-m?1iz'v"m<1av"-2 d!ac.`o0"2l&'kt'kz"
k)'l}'bx`j+`$"|1g&1h&`*'c(1d>"fy'g/"l(`
mu1au`k9"r%"b/"px12m/"o{'my1et`2p0"r!1
g&1h&`cw1_`gu1b%12|"k/'r$"s`o/"j3"a:'k*'
e{"2k&"v'pw1e:"$"v"m<1i:'f*1k&'q/1/"-
lw'm/"r31d&"s1e*`c!"r!1bx"f}1o{`t`d3'
i(`ky'jw`d!ak!'j|`2kw'r!1bx"f}1j~1o/"bz1
~1k4's1mx1gu1h/`bz12j*1a&'s`~1a/"m?1f&1
o%'av`et"r=1r("k!'r(12dw"d&"et"bx`g!"c3"
j*"qu'- $"r$1l$"jv'|"m?1a&"2et"bx`oy"f*1
k&'mt`q0"f*`t"v"m<12gx"d>"k)'r31c3"k?'
k/`,i/'k+`)'c*"2r&1q/"qz'+`r/'|"i!"r$"
d>"a&"k&"f&1cw1k}'e?'i:"ax"pz1s`2oy"*`
i:1k*"ey1d&"a:'b:1i:"ax"a!`q>'r$'*'k*"
a:'bx1-

o0`i:"nt1r3"k&'b!' #be g:"j*`y14"
qx'ot"m?1a&"jw`mw`nt1r3"

fw1o0`nt1r3"d>"k+'k.'|1~18":"i:1/`g:"
k+'m/"2i(`d/'l!"4"o*`a%"_`nt12k$'r9"
;-#eah nt1r3"k&'b!'-22s1nt1r3"d>"k+'lw'
m/"g:"y14"d%":"8"cs"g:"2ey1ky'av"jt1ow`
r3"ix'j~',r("r3`b!'av"ix'j~',ny1e)"c/"
ix'j~',d*1r9"k+'ix'j~',/`qu'o/`ix'j~',
n0"r/1ks"h&'c/"t1et"d>"g="q>',r%`i:"d3',
f!"c*"/'k!"c."qv"dt"2qx'ot"m?1a&"jw`mw`
nt1r3"-
nt1r3"k&'b!'ey1i:`i(`g:"e)"/`*'i:1d%"
/`i:12i(`d/'l!"4"k.'j)"jy`i/`c*"fw1o0`*'
~"*'r/"gu1~1hw"m?1iz'e*'c/"l(`av"2f*1k&'
r("b!'m?1a&"c.1e+`)'k*1e.'k}'*'c{1h:'e41
q/1/"-
$"qx'ot"m?1a&"a%`d%"nt1r3"k&'b!'av"
pw12i(`d/'l!"4"+`f!"d*"hw"fw1o0`b!'av"
k+14"cs"r%"b/'l(`{e?'k_'ev'8"o jt1av"pw1
b/"2i/"c*"ky'iu1o%`c0`2oy"p/"ix"r&1d*"
fv`2r}'y1m?1a&"jt1_`k!"b/"jw`mw`nt1r3"-
nt1r3"k&'b!'ey1i:`j*1kt'2i(`d/'l!"4"
k.'|1a('*'d%"a('/`e)"/`e:"i:1d%"}`ix"ks`
i:1,a('cs",a('g:"e)"/`*'i:1d%"}`ix"ks`
i:12hw"m?1iz'e*'c/"l(`{d>"d%"bz1m>`f(1o
av"|`fw1o0`b!'av"av"pw1b/"i!"a:";-n}`c/1
r("b!'fy1-22gx"r("b!'m?1a&"kv`i("rv1d&'
a&'d!an}`*"-
j:`7"2i(`d/'l!"4"es'b!'bx`k*"k&'m0`a('
cs",a('g:"e)"/`ev'i:1d%"/`i:12m0`az`dt`
hw"m?1iz'e*'c/"l(`av"a_'ov"bz1jw1iu1+12
o{`t`f{"k)'k}'k+1m/"2oy"qu'hz"fx1k3`2e."
r("b!'bz1l!"r!"nt1-
i(`d/'l!"4"+`e+1jy`mx1gu1b&1kt"~";-w"
e?'js'qz'q/1/"i!"-2 gu1~12a('cs",a('g:"
e)"/`*'i:1d%"/`i:1hw"m?1iz'e*'c/"l(`av"
pw12f*1k&'m0`i:1qu'a&'*'ow`~1v"m<1q/1/"2
gx"jw`k("nt1r3"m?1a&"o/"k?`l!`i/'k+`p*1
c0"2rw1l!`q>'r$'w"e?'2gx"i:"ax"a!`k3"k!"
r%`nt1-
#eah nt1r3"k&'b!'y14"c/"et"$133fw1o0`
b!'av",a&'e{"e*'c/",k}`jt1c/",o0`py1e*'
c/",t1py1o0`c/",m?1iz'e*',d&'c/",f>`s'
c/",o>'d!1c/",bz1m0`j{1,ks"h&'c/"*'d}",
mw"i7"e?'bz1,n0"r/1av"-

o0`i:"i:"ax"a!`i(`d/"|`d%`mx1j~`g/"
c."qv"dt"k("/"

bu1k}"/`i:"*'$"a&'f/1a:"jv1d!ai:"k81
ax"w"a!`2py1i:1a:`nz1f("k3"dt"r9"k{"r3"
qx'i:"k("mw`iz'r31o*"e|'p?`;fw1o0`i:"az"
q/`i!"r$"k|1l%`c.1i:"ax"a!`e|'js12|`d>"
g="q>'c."qv"dt"r!1h3"d>`h%"/1ax"w"l&'
kt'2bu1k}"/`a&'|1nz1dw"a!ad%`mx1j~`;-('
=1-2 d%"c."qv"dt"k("/"2*'~1mz"e.`-
bu1k}"/`ix"/`et'k%"e/"mw"bx`k&'h3"gu1
~1e.`k("mw`d!a/"p?`2mw"bx`gu1~1hw"dw"a!a
bu1k}"/`|`;-('=1-2 d%"k!"r3"p?`b/"2$"bu1
k}"/`k+"i%"k!"a&`bv`p?`2e+1a/"f{'e~`-
bu1k}"/`i3'2f>'*'a:1ru`e.`k?"g/"c."qv"
dt"k("/"2dv"fy'i3'c."qv"dt"l&'kt'ru`d>"2
;-p>"h(`o/"b/'cw1-22*'a:1/1q>`g/1~";hw"
mw"bx`gu1~1e+1a/"e)"2bu1k}"/`i(`d/"d>1
bz1mz"e.`2rw1mw`c!ajy'k{',ns1g(",e*`q>`
ky',m/"|"g/`dz`/"p?`2;-k_"d!aru`k%'
ey"-2-
d>"g="q>'ey1e{'j*"r9"b/"h:'iu'ky'c*`_1
f&1qx'o{`i:"2i:"ax"r3"a:'ax"a!`g3"d%"d>"
g="q>'k("/"2mw"bx`d('r$"v'pw1k&'h3"gu1
~12k?`c."f*1k&'e+1a/"2d%`mx1j~`k?"g/"mw"
bx`i:"k{"e?'d!abx1i:";d>"g="q>'k&'e:'r$"
f&'a:'j~1iz`k!"dt"2a:`{"i:"ax"a!`b/'i:"
d%`mx1j~`r!1k!1az"kt"2k*1lw'qx"d%`mx1j~`
k?"g/"2k&'h3"gu1~1+`r$"e+1a/"i:"ax"a!`
k("/"-
fw1o0`i:"ax`m>`y'ks`+`d%"bx`k}'e?'i:"
ax"a!`j~1*"- f>'a:`b/'2;-iu'e?'ax"w"a!`
o%`r/"q>`-2 d*"/`i:1*'f{1d*"*'e."k$'dy"2
i:"ax"a!`s1r!1k!1d%`mx1j~`p01f&12l!`h:"
s1b/'g/"k&'k&"bx`e3`,y1+"bx`e3`,k&'k&"
k{'f&'k&'k|"k*1j*1f>'k&'k&"i!"i:'2k?'nt1
:"8"k.'dy"dy"i:'ey1e*"h!1;fw1}'i:1*'a:'
d%`mx1j~`a&'2ks`a:'hw"fw1o0`i:"2o0`i:"y'
h3"r%`a=`o0"-
m>`y'ks`i3'2i:"q/`j|"nt1f*1b/';-q/1/"
ey"d&"/"-2 k}`c*`ov"q>`2qx`a%"k317"2b/1
c!ad%`mx1j~`2r(1h:a,e{`m>`d('l!`nz1bz1$1
q/1/"ey"d&"/"2k}`c*`ov"q>`*`hw"i:"*"r$"
f&'k3"*'d/12$"cw1r$"p0"r!1;-iu'e?'ax"w"
a!`o%`r/"q>`i:'ey1e*"h!1-2 f{1az`f{1=12
gx"o0`i:"iu'e?'ax"w"a!`kz"i("o%`ax"-

f*`t"j:"k*'e4"ct"dv`i:" #d ow`i:"ax"
iz'j*1m>`

$"c!agx"lv"o/"kt"d!ai:"ax"e81iz'2+`nz1
f*`t"j*1m>`d!ac!"j|"2fw1a&'et"az"q/`{'
jy`c!a #d ow`d3'$"j*`my1e81e{"d!ae81iz'2
d%"r("c*`m>`bx`j*1m>`2l9"ix"j&1cw1m016"
t`ky'lv"k3"d!ad&"/"2a!"e+'e81iz'k*"k?`
ax's"ey'qu"2rw1s`gu1b%`a!a{"hw"j*1*'j:"-
fw1a&'et"ax`r_1a&"iz'2dx'ft'd!aiu'qu"
i:"jt'm>`d!am>`q/'2:1m>`o0"ix"h3"a!ad!a2
i:"lv"o/"kt"d!ai:"ax"e81iz'2s1|1j&1cw1
m01j*1k3"m>`2d*"*'j:"d!akv`k81f!"o+1e?'
et'- j*`my1e81e{"e81iz'33;-k81d!arw1o/"
j3">'2m01s`>'2ks"k81d!aru`k?`ax'>'2?'$"
r$"rw"p>"--2
o/"f&1|1my1t`gu1lv"k3"m>`2i:"ax"iz'd$"
m>`d!a?"e."2a:`nz16"i(`b/"m<'cw1kv`i("-
j*`my1e81e{"e81iz'33;-ks"k81d!af>'ru`d>"
*'a:'>'2{"p>1c(1f*'jw1l!`*`ix"j|"--2
$"c!agx"i:"ax"e81iz'lw'e?'2fw1a&'et"
az"q/`{'jy`c!a #d ow`d3'my1j*`my1e81e{"
d!ae81iz'2d%"r("c*`m>`bx`f*`t"j*1m>`d!a
c!"j|"- fw1a&'et"ax`r_1a&"iz'33;-d>"k)'
d('q0'bx1q0'bx1d!ak%'ey"2:1j+`d('o/"rw"
p>"2az"my1e$'gv1i:"iu'e?'ax"w"a!`2f>'mu1
n>"a&`e61e?'a_"a:"2k81d$"o/"i/'3`mu1--2
ft'iz'3`jw1o*"s`6"2a:`{"k0`f>'mu1/`
fw12y'kw'ks"nz1q>'r$'jt1nz12j&1a!"e+'i:"
ax"e81iz'd!ae{"ct`l!`*`q>'et"2j*1i:1f>'
mu1d('c!"|1bx1i:"e?'et'r!1j:"k*'d!af{`
av"-

#d !"i%" o*'i:"ax"i%"n|` y"f=' #bj
l!'i:1f(1

pz1r/1et"*'my1i:"c*"ax"w"d!ak31a&'ev'
nt1k*1n|`e81iz'2hw"qv`k)'f/1a&'2ky"gv1
h%'d%" #d my1nv1e81iz'/`a/"l(`o*12j.1ew'
c!a #bj k*`l!'s1g/1m/`a:`ov'd>"e{`d!ai:1
f(1d%"f>'d!ah$`c*`2{"f>'f='e)"j|"2rw"f>'
q/"f&"nv1gu`2b>'dt`bx1$"b}'l&`-
i("rw"n|`e81iz'33;-o+1l/'c!a--2
lv"d%" #af e$"d!ae='n|`fx`hw"oy"b_1
ix"2>'m>'gu`o/"a/"l/'c!a2e='n|`d/"h:af&"
d!ao/"d!1c{`2?'$"f>'ky"gv1o0" #d my1nv1
e81iz'j.`p<"2f='e)" #bj k*`l!'i:1f(1-
i("rw"n|`e81iz'33;-*'a:1o>`n>`k!"ew"k?"
h$`o>'l-2 k*"a!`33;-dx'i:1n*`m01qv`
lx"o-2 i("rw"n|`e81iz'33;-f>'o>`gu1)'
a!a2ct1o*1h:a+`n+'a!a--2
>'m>'33;-o*1h:an+'a!a2:`d3`h$`o>'d('
bv1a/"2o/"nz1r/'e*'2j.1f='e)"--2
n|`e81iz'i3'2f>'h(`hw"r$1k)'d!ac/"ix"2
|"d%" #d my1nv1e81iz'2{"f>'b('t'f>'o/"
lu`2ks"o0"j.`p<"f='i:1f(12f='o/"e)"j|"
rw1w'h("2m/`a:`ov'd>"e{`d!ai:1f(12ks"a!"
m!aqu'ev"hw"d/"h:ac*`- *'iz'33;-h$"d3'
d!ac."hw"$"d%"i:1:"a:`bx1a:'kt'2pw1b/'
d!ak*'r$"e.'dx'd>"--2
*'iz'e*'_"*`k?"i:1d!aqx'i:"2gx"i:1f(1
h:"gv1pw1b/'- >'m>'33;-i:"p?1m?12*'k!"8"
#i jt'~12f>' #b k!"k+`k+`hw"fw1}'d/1i/'2
m>'m>'h(`c!a2c*1lw'i:1k*`nt1c!a2q/"j?'
jy'k_'t`kx'lw'd%'--2
k)'ky"jy'rv12r}"s`jy'k_'t`d!an|`e81
iz'2i:"c*"b>'2o{`d>1nz1c*"s"o/"r%`2ky"
gv1h%'d%"!"c+"d!anv1e81iz'j*'q/"2ky`qx'
b/'o/"e3`dy"i("rw"a!`a/"k)'q/"k?"d!af&1
e{"nv1e81iz'd{"b>12*'dy"{"o>`}1c+"d!af>'
mu1k0`ks'b/'cw1-

k%'et"/ mz1t`k%':`q/'ew" b(1m/"i:"
ax":1k*'k?'

ky"dt`=1k{"k*'k?'r$"k*"j|"nt1$"e*`rv'
:1k|`ov"k&'*"r31d&"2b(1m/"k&'h3"k*'k?'
r3"d!1k)'py1r("2 #ae g:"s"hw"k%'et"e?"*1
k%':`q/'js1bx`2$"iu'e?'ax"w"s16`e+1r$"
b(1m/"i:"ax":1e4"ct"k*'k?'2f*`$`r$"a/`$`
bu1j~1i("e)"bx`|`i:"ax":1k?"ey1*'bx`mz1
t`k%':`q/'ew"2?`j*`o/"i%`k%':`q/'js1s`
k&"my12bx`mt"g!"n%"s`j|"-
k*'k?'r$"o{`i:"2mz1t`r$'kv`/1q>`my1j8"
ot"i:"k%':`q/'js1|`js1d&"$"a:"2e|'s1px1
gu1k%"a:'?`d%`2nz1o/"nz1*'r$'kv`k*1a&"
js1ks"i:"e.'dx'd>"d!af{`av"2kz"r_1c="i:"
q(`nz1s`e{"l&"a:"js1ey1qx'e."|`k|"c*12
a/`ov"dv'$"r31d&"d!ai!"k*"2f/1et`b/'*'
e+'iu'e?'ax"w"pz1s`hw"e81e*1s16`e.'k}'4"
d&"i:1d!akt'nv1bz1d/"-
js1s`mu1d*"*'j:"f*`t"mz1t`r$'kv`2k!"
a&`r$'kv`c3"l&'d!ak)'s1k/`c*"|`r}'c!"e{"
iz'e:"j*`2bx`mt"g!"n%"s`j|";f*`$`r$"a/`
$`bu1j~1i("j?'h:"e)"bx`mz1t`f$'kv`r("2
a:1e{"i3'j?'p0"iu'e?'ax"w"pz1s`d!ae81e*1
*"c*"|`6"e?'2j+`d$"ky"dt`=1k{"k*'k?'r$"
*`4"d&"$"jv1ax"f}1f*`k|`ov"b(1m/"k&'h3"
k*'k?'o{`i:"k)'e|`-
ky"dt`=1k{"k*'k?'r$"c*"nt1k+1r!1g3"i:"
f}1f*`2*`k&'*"js1ew"ey1fw"dt`dz'b}1bz1
js1s`mu1d!aw"e?'2*"$"k31n0"js1fv1i(`b_"-
ky"dt`k*'k?'r$"a:1ey1ax`r!1|"r$'o{`i:"2
i("iv'o0'd!ak|`ov"o/"k?`c3"i:1ou`r$"
;-r$1l$"i!"r$",k{"|"gu1jw1-2 d!ah&'a:`|`
m/"o{'2e*'_"k+"j:`r31d&"p%'a}'?`|"2ny1
k|"i!"r$"d!ak&'*"c*"oy"bv`iz'k&"my1-
j|"nt1$"e*`rv':1b(1m/"k&'h3"k*'k?'k)'
py1g/1b%12:1k?'nt1i("iv'o0'k+1r!1iu'e?'
ax"w"s16`e+1r$"2$"i:"ax":1m/"k*1e4"ct"
k*'k?'- j:`*"k|`oy"r3"d!1k31k*"ow`nt1?1
rx1g$"i:"c&1%"?1rx1d!agu"f&12d>"c*"hv"
a/"e+1ov"ou`j:"r31d&";:1a:'my14"d&"p?`
pw1 ,,NIKE1 ,,TALYERMADE1 ,,KASCO dz`bx`
ix'2k*1d3'$"k%':`q/'js1s`k&"e.'iz"k|`,
lx'lw`k+`nx12$"jv1ax"s16`e+1r$"hz'ft'o/"
i%`a/"c*"-
s1|1k*'k?'r$"hw"m0`k!"d&"d('i!"s`k*"
nt"k.`p?`2k.`e."e.'dx'qz'q/"2gx"o/"i%`
k%':`q/'js1s`iu'c*"j*1ky"kv`d%"o/"f&1d!a
f*`t"2kz"d$"a!"e."s`*"*"d!ak&'*"js1ew"
r31d&"o{`i:"lu`dy"2f&1i:1e*'_"i!"r$"k!"
k+"nz1k("a:'b:1jv1ax",g3"i:"f}1f*`d!ak!"
e."r31d&"2o>`w"b&'mv`fw1}'m0`k!"k{`c3"-

i:"ax"kx'j?1i(`/1p/`fv1o0"d3'qu'

iu'e?'ax"w"e81iz'hw"js1e81c/"ix"i("d%"
d!aj3"a!1i:"d>"k)'nv1*`e.`e."d!a2fw1o0`
et"b/'c!a*'ou`e?'i/'mt`c*"e81h:`e."ix"2
j*1a&'i:"ax"kt'a:"ax"d!ajs'gu1ny12rw1s`
n%`ey"m>1o*"d!ae='k)'c.12l!"q/1et'ft'l="
nv1d!ab/`ky"2hw"k)'ix"r("ft'd!a*"c*"2c.`
gu1hw"?'8"r!1h:'e4"cy`|"d!ao{`et"e.'dx'
s'es"2cy"gu1o/"k?'i/"j*`d>"m/`a:`bz'hv"-
a!"i:"o0"d3'qu'd*"o>'r%"h("my1j|`o0'
b_"2fv1h("f>'d!ajs'gu1ny12r}"s`et'ft'ey"
ow1n0"ax"r!1a&"d/"a:"ax"2e3`*`hw"f>'mt"
jt1m01s`8"p/`2py1a!ab=1i(1d!act"e*1r!1
d$"?'8"d!ag!"w"2b&'mv`iz'my"c*"d!a?'q/1
ks"j&1gu1ny1a:`kt'*'e|"cs1e+"b/'cw1- k*`
qu'a&'d!at`b/'o<1d!1mv`fx1jw`2dv"i:"k)'
ax`js'et'iz'i3'2o0"r("d!act"e*1i:"rw1h:a
6"r%`k*`k!"e{`i:1,iu"a:"r%`k*`i:1ft'r}"
cw1d!a- iu'$1*'k!"d3'b&1ax"w"d!ae81iz'2
k*1i:`k)'o0"n/`c*"s`a!"."d!ao{`et"2$"cw1
d!ajs1e81c/"rw1i:"lv`l!`/1o*`-
r}"s`n%`ey"m>1o*"d!ae='k)'c.12e$'gv1
i3'r9"r!1ey1d&"d('o*`o+1gu1kt'e?'2dv"f>'
gz1o/"qx"j*"2k+'ct1*`s'*"bz1k*'ix"kt"
a&',fw1d>"2d*"*'my1o*"+"r("k*"e|"k&'d/1
t1ks"e3`- i("d%"iu'f*`d!aet"a:"2k)'c.1
q/"b/'d!ae?'e+`r!1a:`*'ov'gu1d!ajt'ow`
o0"2dv"f>'e?'a&'e.`d!a2rw1i:"k.'cw1ey1s`
|1c*"2{"ox'a/"o+1gu1-

fw1}'|`gu1l i:"ax"h:"o*"js'ny1gu1
d!1k.`/1i/"

fw1o0`et"i:1d>"k+1b/'jy'nt12et"az"q/`
b/'h:'k*1k+1bz1i/'2i/'my1k{";-6`mz"q0'
e.1-22j*1a&'o%'k9'r_1a:"e61,~1i/1j*1dz`
%"4"e~`i(`2qu"d("d!ae{`k/"i:"2rw1s`s"mx1
s"c&1d!a?'8"ft'jw1js'gu1ny12f>'mu1o/"d}"
r!1my"4"d$"lx"d!a6`a!`ky'iu12cy"gu1d&"
g&1-
f{"8"d!ai:1k!"i(`a:`2fv1h("b/'s'm0`e~1
c|"2ru`nv1e.`e."js'gu1ny12j*1i:1i:"k!"
i:"ax"k)'fy'ax"d!ah:"o*"az"rw1h:a- e."
f>'a!"."o/"e."my"4"d*'f(1d!a2rw1s`j&1fw1
d>"h:'k&'d*"*'my1o*"+"2n%`ey"m>1o*"d!a
e='k)'c.1-
fw1o0`et"az"q/`e('k*1c!a #aj k!"e{`k/"
i:"2k*1k+1bz1i/'2k{";-6`mz"q0'e.1-22e."
a!"k!"k31a&'iz'.1a:"~'2ks"i:"g/"e~`a:"
h3"ct1r!1k31s1p{"2j8"?'$"r9"ix"fw1}'k31
j*12o0"a&'k&"d>`)'j|`e{'h:'k!1l cy"7"2%"
4"fw1?1pw1fw1j~1d%"e~`i(`r_1a:"e61,i!"
kt"e~`i(`~1i/1j*12d('s`r9"e.`d$"nt1jy'
gu1i3'-
ct1r_1a:"e61d!an|`s`+`gu`o/"a/"t`l_"
qv"r&1- d$"i/'a&'gu1:1t12iz'r31o/"l/`2
r31a!aks"i:"e*'_"-

fw1ov`c31c=1h3` / i:"ax"k/`i(`cv18'
rv"b/'e?'i/' ov`i$"k~'a/"ax'k)'ev'e6'd*"

k%'e61;-c31c=1h3`-2 e6'd*"d!ak/"i:"kv`
d&"c!ae|`d3'gu12iu"a:"i:"ct1f&1."iu'e?'
ax"w"d!agu1d('m<"m<"d!aiu'b/'~1i(`2e."
i:"i_'t`k*'k?"i:'my12j8"g!"w"?'8"d!aj*1
*"k3`8"f}1k/`i(`cv18'rv"2+`k~'b/'c!af>'
e?'i/'d!aov`i$"2jt1e$'gv1o/"d3'2j8"i:"
mv`mv`d!aw"e?'-
cv18'rv"d!ai_'t`*`ky'a&"d/"g3"i:"2dv"
i:"f>'h:"k*`h/`c!a*'k!"8"f}12+`e+`i/'k/`
c*"d>"k)'2{"g!"w"iz'my"2e.`i("iz'r312et"
hw"fy'd%"ax'k)'ev'e6'd*"d!ak/"i:"2cv18'
rv"+`e.`k?"h:"k*`d!a*'qu"e?'c*"-
cv18'rv"d!ae?'i/'ks"i:"6"f>'h:"k*`d!a
my1h:"dx'i/'my12f>'a!"j:"mw"b/'c!a #ajj
d3'ou`2i/"c."e$'gv1o/"d3'2a:`l!`*`k~'b/'
#bejj l7"2dv"a!"c*`mt"d('i:"w"e?'-
fw1}'gu1cz`m<"m>a2lv"lv"cv18'rv"2i01
i3'fw1}'o/"i:"*'k!"='n}`d!ao%`d%`o

a&'i:" / mx1gu18"f}1 lw'b_"i:"ax"a!`
kz"l}'k_`d!aft'l&'

fw1a&'i:"mx1gu1q/1c*"e+1k?"r$"hw"e."
c%1$`r$"iu'jy` #ib nt1d/"d3'~1ks"+"lw'
q>'qx'v"m?1kt'f}1f*`l3"av`ks"+"k*"r9"2*`
k*1k+'i("fw1a&'i:"az"q/`c%1k&'k|18"j*"
i!"o0"o/`a/"2a&'|1hw"k?'nt1 #g 8"bz1c*"
mx1gu18"f}12oy"d%"b/"t`bx"2bz1k&'d!a$"
mx1gu1lw'b_"cy"*'k!"ks"+"d!aft'l&'-
k3"j|"mx1gu1d>"d3'l%"v"m<1+"cw"*`$1
iz'2jw1nz1mt`j.`$1b:1iz'k*"2dv"mx1gu1d!a
k&'h3"nz1c*"k81q0'k?`et"|1j:`2:1i:"f>'
mu1j8'q>1k*'r$"2?'j:`fw1a&'i:"mx1gu1q/1
c*"e+1k?"r$"$"e+1a/"mx1gu1lw'f3"cy"*'f{1
ks"+"b/'c/"2p01.`mx1gu1hw"?'8"a}'+"qx'
mt"d!agu1jw1r!1_`r("d!aks"+"d%"c/"2e."
ey1az"~"c%1k&'$`~1r$"iu'jy` #ib nt1d/"
d3'~1ks"+"lw'q>'qx'v"m?1kt'f}1f*`l3"av`
ks"+"k*"r9"-
ky'k*`o<'a!1r!1n/`c*"r("28"f}1a&'|1hw"
k?'nt1 #g 8"bz1c*"h/`bz12oy"f!"p?"fw1a&'
i:"*"ax`ax'r&1nt1dv'gu"ou`8"f}1g&1|"f}1
ax`2fw1a&'i:"*"~1bu1s`k.'dv'gu"ou`8"f}1
f}1ax`2k+"j:`k)'j.1ou`8"f}1d!aq>'av`2$"
f*1k&'8"f}1t`h("gu1~1s'a:1c.1r%`d!ap01
e4"p?`a:1- f&1i:1|1c%1$`r$"k?`o/`a/"gu1
i:"q0"qx'v"e)"2j8'i%`8"j*"i!"i:'i!"o0"
jy1ey1e)"2r3"d!1fw1a&'i:"az"q/`c%1k&'k|1
|1iu'e?'ax"w"a!`ks"+"k*'k?'a}'r/"e)"c?1
mu1*'k{`o/`a/"8"j*"i!"o0"2:1nz1i="c*"h/`
f}1bz1k&'-
kw'8"f}1f}1~1s` #g $"i:"ax"t`h("~12a:1
ax`8"j*"s`kt"pv1kt'k%'?'e>"l!"e:'qz',a&'
?'e>"l!"e:'qz',d*'?'e>"l!"e:'qz',o0"i:",
k*1f>'kt'e{`c>`o>',bx1d*1k*1k/`j*"2cy"7"
+`s`i:"ax"r$"~1k)'g/"k!'bx"2i:`8"f}1kz"
k)'d!aiz'd&"r!1qz'q/"2bz1c*"a:"k?'d}`d}`
k*`k!"8"*`r3"{'t`b/' #ad bx`j:"2m0`bx`
k+'i("d%"k!"k+"g!"c+"d!ar%`py17"2|"8'8"
f}1t`b/'d!adt"r9"kz"i:"c3"*"o/"k81-
fw1a&'i:"mx1gu1q/1c*"e+1k?"r$"o{`i:"2
mx1gu1o/"{"f&1jy12o/"{"i:'i!`2:1i:"{"h='
t1,{"k&'h3"2dv"k&'h3"j8"o0"aw`r9"d%"v"
m<1+"*'f/12a:`{"i!"r$"d>"a&"k0`mx1gu1*'
k!"k*'r$"2*'k!"k&'h3"d!ak*'r$"e.'e?"mx1
gu1l!`*`o{`et"d!aru`r%`2iu"a:"b%'k3"az"
bx1d!agu1- g/1s`k&',e:'c*"f}1f*`{"{'jy`
8"f}1t`bx"2l!`dt"j)" #jd-bcacbbcd cw"et'
iz'-



#a4 g("o%'r!1dv"k{`

r9"i3's`*'ft'2g("o%'r!1dv"k{`r/"lv"o/"
i_`2:1d>`c!aj*`cw1- k+1k3`g("o%'fw"g("
k{`c!a2d>`i/'dv"k{`- k!1ft'2?'$"g("o%'
o/"q/1i/'2a%`c!ad("i>'o%',a/1e=`o%',jw"
o%'2r!1~`qx'j?'j*'8"oy`2k?"qx'j?'j*'mt"
qu`2a=`o0"{"j|"d>`dv"k{`-
*'j41o%'h/1h(`hw"c/"ix"2f/1gv1lv"d%"
c!a;-i$`k{`-2 ks"*'au"d/1d>`2d>`d%"*'
ov"2g("o%'i3'r9"c!a3388dv"k{`>'l n*`o/"
{"*`$"n*`j>'c!a 8,,SK-,,II01 3`ks"gu"
o/"b/'n*`cw1c!a2rz'"100- a:`kt"i$`k{`/1
k/'d!act`2k*"e|"o0"w'd>`-

#b4 *'k!"y':1
s`*'ft'2s`*'d$"q/'j*'iz'c!a*'k!"y':12
n>"k!"y':1*'a:1o/"r$"i3'r9"2s`*'j:"2f>'
ky"gv1i3'b/'+1+12k+1k3`+1+1k!1ft'ks"e:`
d{"c!a2r("cw12f>'s"i3'nw`nw`2nw`nw`k!1
ft'+`e:`d{"c!a2h$"r("2f>'i3'c!a*'iz'o>"
o>"2o>"o>"n>"ft'}`ix"*'a:1i$"o/"a%12d%"
c!ak!1ft'2ky"gv1i:"k!1o*"d!ac%`_1e:`d{"
c!all

#c4 d3'j:`*'k|`
j*'h:`6"c*"{1ey`az"i$"d!ae.'ft1d!aet'
iz'33;-j?'w"d!a2l7"j*`cw1)'l-2 et'iz'ov"
mz"ov"ey`i3'33;-n*`{"kv"m>1c>'o-2 j*'h:`
k}'e?'d!ai3'33;-n*`o/"i:"i:'mt1m>ao *'
iz'k?'ft'lw'd!a{"n*`_"c!ab:'2kv`l7"j*`
cw1b:'c!a{"hw"i$")'l-2

#d4 b%'k*1r%`nv1gu1
k*`k!"nv1gu1hw"*'k)'e:'gu1k|"c!"o/"a&'
4"d&"r("k?"g/"kz'*'i:"es'e*12f/1gv1qx"
hw"*'f{1bx1dz"ix"d!ai(`k*'e.`c!aj*`cw12
*'k!"nv1gu1n>1j*`f>'2k+'a!aks"s`g/1e)"
d!ad$"r9"33
nv133$"o
n|`33j?'w"d!a2i:"3`- n*`hw"k|"c!"o/"
m>ao
nv133i:"d!a-
n|`33fw"ox"c!al 3`ks"hw"c*1n*`n>":1a:`
s`c.`f{1k+'j|'d!ak("/"ix'bx`n0"- 3`lv"
kt"*'f{1q0'bx1p{"c."d!ad{'p*1d>"*'2f>'
q0'bx1k%'k$"r91c*"l 3`l!`*`k.'f>'mw`e)"
m>ao
nv133k)"k!1g/1r!1o
n|`33a:`{" #a1ejj m0`~1-
nv133r%`2g/1k3`n*`n>"m!ae*`r}'f>'2ks"
j|"mw`e)"f>'o>a-
n|`33<1l 3`ky'k3"m<"e*'d*1e:'dw"c*`dt"
i:1lv"kt" #bjja nt1e?'l}`- 3`lv"kt"*'c."
3`i:1qu'e*`r}'d!ab!'l}`23`*`ky'r!1e{'i("
~1k{'fv1k3"2f>'~"*"k0`3`*'k!"e.'dx'o/"
j3"d!ak)"jt12i3'3`mu1+`e|'{"k.'j|"nt1mw`
d!ao%`m>`k0`r}"c!a-
nv133n>"f>'b/'iu1m!ak)"o
n|`33a:`s` #fj1jjj m0`~1-
nv133r%`o>a2dv"k)"k!1a!"m!ak$"23`e*'_"
f>'k&'nz1j*1j~1-
n|`33fw"ox"c!al hw"3`mu1k9"k*'a:'jt12
rw1s`e+'i:"-
nv133iu1m!ai:"o
n|`33l!`nz1lv"j*`cw1fw"d3'c!a2o/"k3"3`
i:"jv'l%`n*`d!a?1rx1ax"r/"cw1d!a- k?'ft'
h%`ix"3`ky'k3"qx1bv`dw"c*`b/"2q>'et"j|"
nt13`mu1lv"a&"d!an>"b_1qx1h:aaz"hw"pw'
mw"l n*`rw1k*"d!am>ao ks"i:"n>"b_1dw"s`
*'k!"s16`b:12y'i:"r9'~12fy1b!'bx`2$"|1
rw`o?'d*"j|'d!a-
nv133d3'i%`jt1o
n|`33a:`{" #dej1jjj m0`~12a!"k!"k)"jt1
q0'bx1r!1c*`2:1j+`3`mu1?1rx1rw1s`h/1k("
d3'd!ajt1-
nv133r%`o>a2j|"mw`e)"f>'o>a2dv"o*"e|'
i>'k)"d%" #dbj1jjj m0`~12r%`m>ao
n|`33m01="f*12j?'w"d!al e+"e+"l 3`k3"
r$`:1cw1lv"n*`l 3`w"n*`l
nv133hw"kt"l 3`+`w"n*`-
a!"k!"nv1gu1k9"c!aet"2k}'ix"i(`k*'d!a
k*'kw"2gv1r("k|`j*`f>'n>"a:'3"a!ai(`k*'
d!ai(`="e3`s`hw"bx`d!agu133;-s`i01a:'d%"
a!"a:'i(`k*'i:"i01d!ao-2

#e4 o/"a=`k{"m>'
*'k!"f{1p*1s"f%1j*"d!ae{`pz1s`2d%"c!a
}`ix"2hu`m!ai3'd('o/"lu`i$"- *'e)"h:a2
m>'m>'{"b:'d&'e*a;*'e)"h:a2m>'m>'{"}1}1
k|"- m>'m>'bx12m>'m>'d}`d!a2m>'m>'au'd!a
kv`d%"ru`qv12d>`q>'f>'a:'r("2a&'|1fx`e)"
k7'k7'd!ai$"k{"- m>'m>'hw"c*1lw'qx1kt'
a:'jt1s"d$"f>'i3'2o/"a=`j*`b_1hw"k{"m>'
m>'2q(`h!1{"b/`q>1n*`- f>'+`ru`k7'd!ai$"
c!a*'au"h:a2gv1r("f>'a&'|1gu`o/"a/"c!a2
p>1j*`cw1_`mu1l(`_"_"- e{`iz'd!ad$"a!a
f>'m>'m>'i3'33;-ax'fw"fw"-223`e.`r!'i$`
+'l

#f4 b%'k*1b/`n|`m<"
k*1k.'k+1r='d!ab='k{'s'e?'b&'b&'d!ad$"
iz'c*`c%`i:'c%`i:'i3'33c%`i:'2a:"my1*'
a:1*`$13`i:"b/`n|`2c%`i:1i3'3`h%`ks"o/"
i:"c!a2g/1k3`e?'r='a:'+"o0"a:"my1q>'et"
3`oy"q0'b/`n|`2f>'*'dy"o/"hw"w"3`c!a23`
kw'hu`m!aov"o
c%`i:'33u`l c%`i:'k{'n*`*'k!"q>`o%`2
n*`l!`*`i:"jt1a=`o0"*'k!"q/"s`k?'i/`l("
d!ae{`jt1o%'2r!1a:"my1ix"b_1i:12o>`e{`
jt1o%'qx"hw"n*`d!ap*"k/`e)"mt"- dx'f>'
o%`o0"qx"k?"n*`c*`mt"i:12n*`ks"k}'ix"e{`
jt1o%'d!ak?'i/`l("2a:"my1*'dy"r$"="n*`
n>"i:"iu1m!aiz'?'2n*`ks"k%"e/"f>'2n>"i:"
n*`b/`n|`m<"p<"c+"d!aiz'?'-
e?'r='a:'+"b='k{'ks"a%"a!ac%`i:'d!ar9"
j|"h3"2k3`gv1a:"my1="33n>"i:"iu1m!aiz'
?'o b='k{'k)`a_'rw"es'd!ai3'33n>"i:"3`
b/`n|`m<"p<"c+"d!aiz'?'- a:"my1i3'33n*`
k%`iu1m!al l7"o>`n*`d!ab/`n|`m<"d>`lw'2
f>'o>`3`d!ac.`k!"o%`o0"dv"k)1a/"c!al

#g4 o>"2n*`r%`ru`>'l
3`ku'3`o>"i3'33o>"l 3`e.`.`k(`l
3`o>"lv"c!a3`*'t`"""m01c*`3`"""k*"e|"
lv"dt"i:""""
3`oy`a!ak31q/"k!1my" #aa j:"jw1bz1k&'
d!aky'iu12k*"e|"d$"3`o>"ky'iu1r&'a>"
3`o/"fy1d!aq/"i/"33o>"l 3`{".`k(`l 3`
{".`k(`""""
3`o>"a&'|1i("o/"c{`c!a2f>'i3'33
r%`l 3`d>'y"gx"n*`.`k(`l l!`i:"""" o/"
nz1gx"f>'f>"d%"k)'c*`d!ad*"ov`2ks"gx"n*`
.`k(`l
3`*'fy'd%"""""dx'bx`o0"3`o>"d!ar9"r&'
i>'2e?'e.`33o/"nz1f>"d%"d*"ov`l nv1d%"
gx"e{`k(`f(1e)"k{`ix"jt1k?"m>ao
3`ku'3`f&1e81i3'a!"kt"i:"23`f&1e81
i3'33a!"e}"i>1l
3`ku'n*`i3'23`ku'3`o>"i3'33o>"l 3`{".`
k(`l"1
3`o>"e.`c!aru`ks`"""""a:`i3'c!a*'k|"
r9"33k)'c*`a:`nz1s`*'a:'b/"iz'2n*`h:"k*`
k81dy"2n*`{"cs1- {"h(`o """

#h4 e)"iu1m!adv"o
,Grace kx'd%"3`mu1k&'e:'i:12dv'gu"k31
7"r$"g/"l}`+"/"2f>'j?'j+"s`c*`2d$"bx1cw1
d!al!"r/"2k*'r/'d('l!`k{"b/'ey"my1cw1-
m(`g:"2bx1l!"e)"my1dv"n|`i:"cw1n>1r$"
g/"l}`i('k|"2 ,Grace c*"l!"j?'j+"a%'
r/'33;-n?1d!ar$"l}`*`ky'g/"ax"c!a23`a%`
*'e)"n?1d!ai('k|"2u`"""n?1i:"e)""""iu1
m!adv""""-2 e."cw1k*'cy1d!af>'2ky"*'i:1
_"c!ae)"n|`i:"d!amy1h:"-
e)"iu1m!adv"o ,Grace q>'et"h:"k*`;-i:'
t1-2 c!a2a:`r%`a_'d!ag3"/1j*1i:"d!ao>`
i('k|"k{'k0`e)"n|`i:"- e)"n|`i:"o/"a:'s`
q(`fy'b/'k!"a&';-e~1k*'-22gz1$1b:1f>'*'
k}"d!ak%')`j*"a:1- *'px1d!a3`mu1h!1i:"
k*1c*"o%`b:1au"ky"2dw"e)"n|`i:"h(`~`2jw1
gu`o/"a/"o%"b/'e{"iz'-
,Grace j&1j:`hw"+`o/"r$"_"k*"e)"n|`i:"
d!amy1h:"-

#i4 j&'my1d!ay'/`
s`*'k!"gu1 7kt`bz' ,A7 .`c!a*'a:'y'/`-
n>"a:'y'/`ru`j&'my1('l g/1k3`n*`c>'f>'
d!ah3`k{`- f>'r$"i3'33;-k)`o>"m+'o {fw1
|`d!a;-b:'o%`m01o-2o g/1k3`n*`c>'f>'d!a
s"k{`2f>'r$"i3'33;-/`y1m(`o {fw1|`d!a
;-s`l&'m>ao-2o
s`*'ft'2 ,A d!apz1s` ,B cw1 ,A k)'}1-
,B ks"e.`i:"i:"lv"n>"a:'y'/`i:"o/"i:"au'
d!aru`j&'my1- ,B ks"c>'y'/`d!ah3`k{`2y'
/`ks"au'd!ak.`c!a33;-k)`o>"m+'o-2 ,B ks"
i3'33;-u`2au'd!aru`j&'my1l-2 |1i:" ,B s"
c>'c!af>'d!as"k{`2y'/`+`qv`y"ru`l7"i3'33
;-/`y1m(`o-2 a!"i:1 ,B s"lw'i:`p0"q/1
c!a2|1i:"2 ,B e.`b/'c!a*'k!"k7"dt`h:a2
ks"o>`y'/`d!ah3`s"k{`*'j*`c>'- a!"i:12y'
/`ks"i3'c!a*'k|"33;-c*`e*'k)`o>"es'y10'l
{fw1|`2n*`i:"b:'o%`fw"et10'lo-2



i:1ix"dv"k%'j.`ft1f(1

#aiif nt12fw1a&'i:"bz1c*"c!afx1j='r&'
p01jv'fy'2k_'i:"mw"bx`ks"s` #hj py12dw"
d&"c!ar&'p01jv'fy'd!acs1ey12et"dv'dt"m0`
8"b_"h%" #cej }"~1d!ay1+"!1-
b_"c*"fx1j='d!ar!1h:`et1dx'i:1jw1 #be
e$"2ks"s`cs1bz1o{'a=`r9"d!ak}'nt"2l!"q/1
c!ai:'q/"jx1a%'d!al="nv12e.1e*"d!ak*"c/"
m0`k!"bv`p?`d!aa:"h3"e*"k+12a:"h3"cs1bz1
qu'd}"r("2m0`k!"~1k&'a:`h3"*'k!"o/"h("2
o/"dv"gx"e?'p?`e4"e/"ix"et"2+`o/"p>"p0"
qx'7"cs1- et"hw"fx1j='*`s`a&'.'k&'bx`k*1
ev'k)'qu'dt"2r!1h:`et1e*'_"o>`f>'d>`h%"
bz1r}'c!",mv`h/1d!adw"my1j:1-

mw`e+'dv"k%'|`r%`pz1s`qu'e.`2gx";-fx1
j='-2 gu1b%1o/"d}"2cs"bz1/`d!al!"gu17"
dw"dv"k%'2j*1f>'d!ahw"jv'fy'c*`e.`i("jv'
?`- k+1r!1e*'dt`k*1kt`jv'd!afx1j='r&'p01
jv'fy'2lw'+"ks`nt1cw12*`hw"jv'?`ky"az'
k*'c+"d!afw1a&'i:"2b_"e)"dv'dt"m0`8"ev'
ow`/`i:1}"~1d!ay1+"!12ky"c*"j*'i:1/`}"
~1-

i:"b:'e?'p?`r!1k!1jw1mw"
fx1j='m0`8"f$'b/'e:"."e?'bv`p?`2bz1$1
c%`k/"l!"r$1c&1d!ak{'dt`- a!"ft'c%`ov`
r!1h:`et1az"|`~1k&'mu1py1k/'ou`8"e?'p?`2
ky'i:"b:'r("2a/1*'d>`qu'i/"2m0`e."m/"h$"
k%'qu'$1/`qu'2h&`py1k4'd>1e:"qu'd!abv`
p?`jw1nz1ix"k)"2ky'ev'k!"8"i:"mw"2hw"+"
k*'pw1rx1ox`a&'d>1jt1i:1/`my1d!a2c+"$1
bx1fw"bv`p?`e."m/"-
t1k!1d!aiw'e~`2h&`gx"e?'p?`r&'d&"2a!"
{"k$'k&'|1cs"nt1k*1iz'r!1h:`et1d!akt'
b:1- f>'o/"r$"r&'p012j8"nz1k.'ev'k)'d>"
ey1dv"k%'dt"ky'y1d!as`iz's`e!"2f>'k81d!a
bz1k&'k}'kt"i:"k.'a:"h3"cs1bz1o{'a=`r9"2
o/"i("a:"|1i:'q/"2*"nz1ky'a=`l&"c."2lw'
qu'dt"i:12+`l!`q/"a:"ky'y1m<1i:"-
r!1h:`et1?'d%"k)'n>1d>"d/1d>"e812h$"
e*`r}'d%"r&'p01jv'fy'b:'dv"k%'2?'j:`q>'
c!af>'lw'r&'p01jv'fy'd!ae.`q>`- *'ks`ks`
e:"nt12r!1h:`et1r$1fw12f>'i3'33;-dx'i:1
fw1a&'i:"rw1m01s`c0"e:"k)'n>1d>"d!ar&'
p01jv'fy'2o/"a:'d%"g/1r!1k$'r9"2|1i:"3`
j&1e*'jv'fy'h3"j*`--2
r!1h:`et1|`pz1s`r!1r3`lw'e*'jv'fy'2f>'
j&1q/1/"iz',l7"k*"*'c/"h3"d%"jw`k("2c{`
k+`jv'fy'd!aky'y1m<1i:"r("2:"nt1r("s1q/"
m/`b/'h:'lw'i!"r&'p01jv'fy'2n>"nt1r!1h:`
et1jw1:"i:1/`e$"2f>'$"c!ay1h%"k)'n>1d>"
d!aes'et1kv`2f!"d*"j&1k)'k31jy`cw1i:"n0"
i!"k*"i:'-

i:1jw1ky'a:"kt"c*"a/`k/"
*'ks`ks`cs"nt12av"d*"*'ow`py1d!afx1j='
dv"iz'2h&`k*"f(1h:'*'jt'e:"ow`:"i:1}"~12
mw"bx`n0"*'ov"d!al&'kt'h3"jv'fy'2k&'y"
ev'my1a:",i>'c>'dz`jy'i:1;cy"*'ov"i!"c!a
*'bx1pw1d!adv"k%'k$",mt"o%'k$"2mw"b/'ev'
i:1a&`dv"k%',ev'i:1a&`mt"o%'-
;-*'lw'i:`ds'd{"d!abv`p?`o*`mw"d{"d!a
rw1d3'2jw1n/`c*"hw"m01f*`d>`k_`k%"--2
r!1h:`et1i3'2s`c!aa:'my1d/"r("2?'$"f>'
kt'b:16"ft'gv1i:1jw1,dy`k*1~1c{"2jw1p01
.`b/'*'p*'a/`k/"l!"- lw'+"d*"*'nt1ks"cw1
b:'dv"k%'d!a.1et'iz'i3'33;-fx1j='d!al(`
kv`e*"m*",o/"ft12n>"i:1i:"mt"ix"ru`i%`
m/"e:'dv"k%'2fx1j='ks"s`ru`d3'a&`2e3`*`
3`k*'r/'m0`k!"ey'j*1d('cw1--2
a/`k/"l!"a&'e{`k+`h!1i3'33;-3`d*"*'j:"
cw1a!"c*`ks"k81d!ar}1ky"ru`r%`2e?'jy1qx"
e&'2f!"o+1i:"3`n|`:1ru`e*`r}'a!"c*`d!a
dv"k%'23`mu1k*'r/'m0`k!"ey'j*1d('cw1--2
fx1e{`m0"m0"b:'}1/`jv'2hw"fx1j='e+`j*`
k&'l!"cw1c!a-

f&`r!1cs1bz1i:'q/"qv`fv1
fx1j='ky'c*"c!ae:"k!"8"d!al$'e=`2d*"/`
k!"8"qz1m/`j?'k+12hw"j/"e{',e~'b}1p0"r!1
d!1*1e)"2y1+"!1bz1o0"i/"bz1ax`2dv'8"a}`
$1y1|12r!1h:`et1h&`e}"e&'c!a*'l(`j*"-
dv"k+'e)"cw1k&'o/"y"js1,p?`a:1o/"=`d!a="
f*1gx"f>'ix'f("n%`k?'2f>'i3'33;-s`i:1ey"
gu1pt"l%`k{'2i:'q/"k81d!am01s`iu1m!a2o>`
f>'nt1d%"dv"k%'ix";3`k81d!ao/"f3`2a:`nz1
az`l7"dv"k%'ds'd{"2qv`:1cx"q0"kz"d3'jw1
c{"2n>"i:13`iu'iu'kv`k812{"gx"m0`k!"i:'
q/"r!13`d$"bv`p?`d!ao{'a=`*'a:"2iz'bv`
jw1nz1i="bx"2e3`*`k81dy"gx"cs1bz1o{'a=`
r9"--2
r!1h:`et1{"i:'q/"mu1e+`e)"a:"h3"bv`p?`
d!am0`k!"a:"h3"d!ao/"h("2j8"?`j*`k*1d>"
d!aqv`fv12;-i:'q/"mu1i3'o/"r$"e+`2ks"s1
f>'mu1h3",3`cw1e+`23`e+`b/'qv"ou`k0`f>'
mu1lv"2{'js1f>'mu1a%"a!ae+`--2 r!1h:`et1
i3'33;-dv"*'lw'i:`o/"i:"c}"e+`2ks"i:"jx1
a%'23`s"o/"r$"h3"2a:`nz1l/`l(`p<1e?'d!a
j~"--2

b/'k31qx`b>1j:"k*'t1q>'
a!"i:"r!1h:`et1b_"+"k3"bz1a&'h$"f&"l/`
d!a*'d}"i:1kt'2s`o/"qu"i:'q/"?'j:`:1c*1
lw'2f>'+`ky'bx1i("o/"c{`)'c*"2f('f('d!a
d{"t`c0"2ky'k3":"nt1d!an/`c*"jw1o>`o{'
a=`o/"h("kt"c*"j*`cw1-
fx1j='d!ao{'a=`r9"cs1bz133et'k.'gu1~1
kw"qu'$1iz'bv`,h/`r!1,e{'i("k*1t1q>'e:"
h/`2iz'bv`o/"q/"h!1a:"h3"dv"k%'2dv"h3"
b/'cw1d!adv"k%'m01s`gu"r!1a_'i:"2{"e&"
d%"mu1i:"b/1qx1s1h/`r!1gu1~1j|"a_'i:"2
h$"r("e&"d%"mw"bx`e{'i("gu1~1qv"mw"- iz'
bv`o/"hw"*'bv`p?`qu'k&'2m0`$"~1k&'a:`h3"
dv'*'o/"h("2/1q>`k.'p0"qx'az`k!"dw"b/'-
t1q>'gu1~1h!1s1h:'iu'i:'q/"dv'gu"2a}'mu1
f$'e?'p?`-
$"c!ah(`hw"cs1ey1jt1d}'2r!1h:`et1m0`
nt1d('dw"~1k&'b/'k31qx`b>12f>'i3'33;-3`
mu1b/'k31jt1et'k.'m/"d*"d*"qu'j|',gu1~1
qu'h/`2hw"k$'r9"c/"et";b/'k31r("2*'c/"
et"d$"e*'dt`r&'p01qx'h3"d*"fv`i:"qx`b>12
dw"r$1e?'p?`, ,,DM1 a/1*'pw'a%",i:"b:';
r$1k31r("2h3"bz1kt`o%"2n*`b/'fx1j='e)"*'
k+'d}"d!ak*"r9"--2
cy"7"2fx1j='+`iv"|1k*1j|`k31n0"o+1gu1
d!abz1k&'ky't"2a:'d%"n>`k)'dt",n>`e."bv`
p?`i("r}'y12ks"d>"p*'d!ak("g/"p?`bx12a%`
b/'p0"qx'- c*"g/1m/"jt1fw1a&'i:"cs1ey1
ns1)"fx12fx1j='d!ai:'q/"mu1ks"f{1a:"e.'
n&1d!al(`$"2k3`gv1h(`r&1-
fx1j='jv'?`d!ao/"qu"2*'lw'i:`r!1h:`et1
jw`j|`p01bu"d!ah3"q>`2e*'_"dw"d&"gu1j*";
r("cw1*'l!"gu1qv`y"2hz'k)'a&`c0"2j8"q>'
et"b/1qx1o0"c{"q/"h>12mu1i:"d!ak}`c*`+`
k{"e?'l/`2jv'?`y1+"!1a:`av"ev'qu'a:'*'2
j8"m<1r/1c!ak{'dt`-

*'dt"i/`ey"f{1az`jv'?`
h:"k?'nt1j*`2r!1h:`et1*'qu'dt"ix'j~'
i/`ey"2f{1az`jv'?`d!ak81e!"2a/",ix'r="
r!1d!ab&1d!1dt"2*`jy'i:1$1a/`;a/"aw1j|'
$1a/`d!ae."ix"dt"2j|`e{'jv'?`q/1/";e?'
i!"d!aq/1)`dt"?'s`:"jz1c(12c(1e)"a}'mw"
e*'dt`2c(1ix"i!"$1jv'?`j|'f*1k&'k%'k*1
f%"jv'- a!"."k*"l!`$1b:1r&'p01jv'fy'd!a
~1*"2oy"a/1kt"k.'a&"e?'a}`e."dv"k%'a}'
mw"dt"-
k+'e)"cw12r!1h:`et1k.'qx"k{"d3'e?'c*"
hw"ey1e{'2k.'d>`h%";-fx1j='-2 d!ap?`pw1
*"rv12;-3`e*'_"d>"k)'*'lv"d%"fx1j='2ks"
ct1e.`j*`b:'dv"k%'d!amv`h/1kv`l-2

b_"+"m*"k+1
fx1j='k?"g/"r&'p01jv'fy'i:"bx`h%`2p01
.`b/'h:"k*`d!ak/"l!"j41- r!1h:`et1kt"c*"
o{'a=`r9"cs1bz12iz'bv`i="bx"- cy"7"2r!1
h:`et1j&17"bx`gu1~1h3"j*`2l(`jw1k*1k)'2
iv"|1h3"k&'k}'2|`l!"gu1r/"d&"c.1r%`2*"
nz1j~1pv1ax`l&"k&'e:'a_"l_"-

*'dt`*"kt"
*',fx1j='*`s`a&'.'k&'bx`2l!`*`_`j*1f>'
et"i:"lw'qu'dt"2$1hw"fw1a&'*`7"a:'my1d/"
o/"k("2av`dt"|`ey1e{'e|'p0"r!1- ey1e{'
qx'mt"2b/1b}1f&`d!am01f*`e~'b}12l!`k*'
k*1ov"r31d&"d>'p0"i:"b:',j/"e{'2s1gu1j*"
f3"a:'my1d/"-
:",r!1h:`et1e.`d>`h%"fx1j='p?`pw12*"
l!`j&1r31d&"a31i(`2l!`hv"a/"k&'*"r31d&"
f*1iz'ey1e.";r3"k+1r!1e?'ey'f&'c/"2kt"
c*"cs1ey1kv`-

y1+"h:'c{"
{#bjjd nt1 #aa 8"2b&1d!1dt"o
y1+"!1 #cej }"~1
k?"r3" #abe }"~1
gu1i:" #hj }"~1{#cb gu1o
h/'k?' #be }"~1
i$`dt"h>1q0" #de }"~1
y1|1 #ge }"~1

lw'+"h:'c{"
{#aiif nt12b&1d!1dt"o
i!"o0" #ejj }"~1
k?"r3" #bjj }"~1
a_'r_1 #fej }"~1{o%'rv1k)'k|"cz`j*"o
h/'k?' #be }"~1
h>1a:' #de }"~1
h&`k*" #a1dbj }"~1



mx1t`m>'m>'d!a*'l!'e?' g/1r!1k{'
rw1h:ae*`ct` =1 / e8'*`g(1

ix"*'j*1d!aa}'cv1a&'23`e+`k}'|1mx1t`
m>'m>'g/1r!1ox'rw1h:ai9')1d!ai:"2m01e.`
d%"d!1d%"e|`d3'd/1a!`d!ak&"my12gx"3`i:1
hw"kv`d&"2n*`mu1d!ak/`c*"r!1a:'b:1hz'ft'
c!a3`_`r("e+`h3"d!ae?"e?'2+`j/"i:`3`a/`
d&"k}'e?'j*1f>'i:"ax"q/"m/`hw".`|"rw1h:a
i:1e3`h%'|"d!al="ky"2e$'gv1m/"jt1d$"|1
a!"e+'l="ky"3`m01s`nz1c*"k+`k812dv"i:"3`
r$"n/`c*"d!a_`a!"k!"qx'e."j|"e81e*1-
hw"a!"j*1d!aa}'cv1a&'3`k.'k*"e|"qu'e.`
k}'|1mx1t`m>'m>'g/1r!1ox'rw1h:ae*`ct`oy"
g/1r!1k{"d%`rw1h:ah:"ey1}1bz1e*`ct`d!a
d&"h3";e*`ct`i:"$"h:"k*`mt"h:aq/"h!1d!a
d*"*'o/"2mx1t`m>'m>'{"g/1r!1k.'a!"k!"d%"
c*`a:1ey1hw"rw1h:ad!act`ix"2a!"au'i:"e|'
{"l!"q/1d!a*'e."d>"="f*1-
3`k3"j|"+`jz1ky'$"j:`e3`l/`2dx'3`k.'
d>":1h:aj&1*'~"o%"r$1cw1d!ad*"*'ft'h%`
ix"+`ks"i:"f>'b/'iz'd!ad*"cs"ft'23`ks"
e.`r%`c!a3`{"gx"f>'j&1e{`.`bz1e*`ct`d!a
r%`e*1k}"2e3`*`3`ey"b&'b&'d!ah(`d%"|"i:"
n>1b/'$"f>'|"o0"r%`d!ay':1a}'6"e{`m%1k?'
_`f>'ct`ix"jy'jy'j>'i:"2f>'et'i:"b('d&"
c!a*'e)"2k+'a!aky'ft'd&"d*"d!al/'c!aj*`
cw12e)"d!a3`kv`k?`k.'i(`b('r$123`e?'e.`2
e*`ct`d!ak|`d&"l!`nz1d$"y':1i:"*'kt"l&`
o/"d!ai:"jy1o>al ;-m01k}'e*"2e)"j:"hw"
k*"e|"--2 3`v'$"a!ah:"k*`- d%"c!a}`ix"2
3`rw1i:"ey"b&'b&'d!an>1a!am%1k?'_`d>":1
h:ad!act`ix"jy'jy'j>'i:"2k+1k3`2jy1l_"
ku'ix"*'j:"*'."2hw"k!1k!"h%`ix"2*'gv1g/1
j:`2|1i:"3`k81dy"o/"hw"ox'd>":1h:ae*`ct`
c!a-
i3'j*`cw1ru`o/"r%`*"e:'2hw"d>":1h:ay'
:1j*1d!aev'ow`cs"i:1/`ft'c*`2f>'d>"8'a:`
e*`c!a/`i:1j:"d!act`2:1a!"/`i:1j:"d!abz1
k3`d('{"k$'k&'|13`my1t`d!aj?'pz1r%`s`d!a
ox'mx123`bu"f>'mu1cw1k)'c*`h3"l!"i:12i="
ot"ow"f3'f>'mu1ox'd>":1h:ae*`ct`2:1dx'
f>'mu1ox'd>":1h:ae*`ct`i:12d>":1h:aj8"
o/"l/'n%"23`nv1k3"d!ae.`33;-+`e|`a!"au'
d!ai:"3`lv"o/"kt"d!a~1k/"2e3`*`/1q>`r!1
my1t`gu1*'."6"*'i_'cy1j{`d!ai(`ox'rw1h:a
e*`ct`--2 3`m<"my1d!ah:"o0'j*`cw1-
dz`d%"d>":1h:a*'e$"*`r("2nz1k("=`=`d!a
h3"hw"|"pu1c*`e*`h%`23`ot"t1ks"b/'*'a&`
;-c.`m{`r9"j~'e*`ct`q>`-22ky'k3"k*`j:"
i:"t"r("2e{"k3`rw1o/"j3"- j:`qx'q>`ks"
i:"bu"a!ad>":1h:ae*`h%`}1h3"hw"|"pu1c*`
lw'e?'d!a}1i$`i:123`ks"iu'b/'h3`i(`jy'
jy'v"hw"f>'d!af(1dy`2g/1j:`3`jw1nz1a:'
d%"f>'d!act`b%1iu1m!aqx'e."2a:'r("23`hw"
iu'b/'s"i(`n>1a!am%1k?'26"e4"c01o/"k*1t`
:`d!ae/"d/"_`d>":1h:ad!act`ix"r9"*'j~'2
j&1h3`ct`k)18"k3"!1f(1d%"s"ct`k)12hw"ky'
k3"e)"o>'r$1d%"h3`ct`k)12ks"g/1f&1r9"c!a
*'k!"j~'2g/1j:`a:`e|'{"r9'c.`m{`a&'2d>"
:1h:arw1cw1o/"k*1qv`y"23`ks"}1bz1c!ae*`
ct`d!ad&"h3"- 3`a:'d%"j:`qx'q>`e$'o/"nz1
e*`ky"d>":1h:ad!act`2dv"a:"i%`ft1o/`3`/1
q>`r%`r%`$"f>'e*`ct`d!a*1rv"-
dx'd>":1h:aix"s"a:"~1r("2c%`i:'ku'3`
qv`y"2d>":1h:ad!ao*1c.1d%"h$`o>'d!ad*"
qx'bx1bx1hx'hx'd!a2|1i:"3`s"t1ks"b/'
;-ev'm{`p(`k9'e*`ct`q>`2-2 ky'i:1t"az"
my12e{"k3`rw1l!`*`- j:`qx'q>`r!1ix"i/"
d!ac.`m{`r9"j~'e*`ct`q>`d>"a:"e.'f&12a:`
i:"h$"r("dx'm%1k?'j>'r$1h3`ct`k)1i:12{"
c*"l!"n>1j*`qx"hw"m01e?'$"a:"_`e)"d%"h$`
b=1d!ad*"qx'j>'e)"j|"2ks"g/1f&1n>1a!ao*`
et'r9"*'k!"~1e*'k9'2hw"n>1j*`d%'h:a_`e*'
k9'd!aa&'kt'p(`e)"j|"2a!"."a:`e|'d3'r9'
*'m{`a&'2+`e|`?'$"i:1kt'fw"d}`:1:1h:a/1
j&1qv`y"2e3`*`gx"3`nz1i="c*"}1bz1e*`ct`
d!ad&"h3"- 3`a:'d%";-ev'm{`p(`k9'e*`ct`
q>`-2 oy"o/"i:"*'k!"az"j8"d!ae*`ct`qx'
q>`2+`o/"nz1}1j~1s`e{"d!ae*`ky"ct`ix"d!a
/'k("2dv"3`s"nz1g/1r!1n!ao
hw"d>":1h:ad/1e{`e81*'nt1k*1d!a*'ft'
h%`ix"23`jt'a!ae{`n|`:1hw"k)'q/"k?"ev"
o/"2*'$"c?1k|'fw"fw"lv"kt"3`ks"h(`k3"cw1
d$"3`i3'33;-3`m0`ft'lv"kt"n*`d>":1h:ah:"
k*`j|"ix"e81d('o/"6"gu1p01i:1hw"ru`6`
kv`2o/"k3"$"iu1m!af>'d!act`ru`hx'2f>'d('
m01s`e*`ct`m>ao-2 3`kv'k>"d!ae{"*'e{"o/"
i3'*'k|"r9"2a}`iu'jt'a!ae{`n|`:1ks"h(`2
3`a:'d%"3`d!ae?'o0"c?1k|'fw"fw"k}'e?'d!a
*'qv'r9"k0`j:"ix'c!a23`oy"o/"k7"f>'2?'$"
f>'oy"o/"a:'d%"d>":1h:ad!act`i:"3`m0`ft'
j?'i(`e*`d!a- dx'ft'+"c*`23`av`a}`nv1
mt12mv`n%`h:ad('hw"e.`a!a33;-*`3`i:"k!"
mx1t`m>'m>'d!anz1c*"2{"g/1r!1e*`jw1nz1
k.'d>":1h:ad!act`e*`kv'ky"o-2
k3"c!a*'k!"l/`n%`d!a+"2d%"c!ah%`ix"3`
r!1d>":1h:amt"d$"mt"av"a!aa=`o0"ox'f>'
e*`ct`i:12l!`i:"n>1a!am%1k?'d!ai(`j8"hw"
ov"l&'a&'r_`)'r_`d!ao/"a:'g/1r!1e*`j*`-
f/1gv13`cy1k*'*'d&"2;-ks"j&1!1f(1lw'i:`
e*`o>al-2 |1i:"3`o/"s1h:"a/`d!aot'e*`ot'
nt"a!a33;-a!"i:"!1f(12!1f(1d!ac(1e)"i:"
t`ky'2t`ky'a&'kt'd!ae."h:ai:"o*1h:a2o*1
h:ad!ad*"e)"i:"i:"h$`o>'2h$`o>'d!apz1s`
i:"e)"o>'2e)"o>'d!ac?1k|'i:"h3`ct`k)12
h3`ct`k)1d!af&1e81i:"s"ct`k)12f>'mu1*'
j*`d3`k?"s":`d3`c*`a3'm*1jx12s"*'j*`p%`
d%"s":`7"mt"j*1b!'h:a2o/"e.`j*1c!a2ks"*'
j*`f{"k?"h3`:`d3`c*`s16`2s1c0"c!ahw"*'
j*`p%`d%"h3`:`7"mt"b:'a>"k*'2h$"r("f>'
mu1k81dy"d%"o<1h:aix"ew"p%`2p%`)'l p%`
)'l k+1k3`k!'k!'p%`d%"d*"*'my1- {k!'k!'
i:"d>":1h:ad!an*"bz'o-2 3`o/"kv`e.'e?"
h:"k*`2ky"gv1nz16"*'b/"k*1q>'d!acy1kv`
j&'g&1:1}1az`d!ae*`r%`d>":1h:ad!act`2:1
f>'+`ky"gv1b%`a!arw1{"e*`*'ot"23`dx'gv1
ru`c!"*"2|1i:"23`bz'j:`e*`ct`q>`$1;-i3'
k/"i:"e*`ct`q>`--2
k3"c!ac.`nt1l7"c!"d!ae*`ct`i:1k_'2d>"
:1h:a*`i:"e{`e81ev'nt1k*1c!a- hw"n>"nt1
d!a*'k!"d&'ft'}`ix"2d>":1h:a,e{`n|`:1r!1
3`*'j*`k*`hw"/"j*"m*1mv"d!a|"i:"a&'2i/'
q/1d!ah3"hw"|"kx'c*`p%"h%`23`lv"a!af>'
mu1k%'ey"d!ad>`i$`ax"2e?'f(1o/"k?'e.`33
;-i:"kw'gx"k!'k!'e81r$"h:"k*`e*`ct`
c!a--2 |1i:"3`d$"f>'i3'33;-k!'k!'l j&1
k?'ft'}`ix"j*`2n*`{"lw'i:`e81a!aox'h:"
k*`e*`ct`<'l-2 r9"jw1*'b/'l(`3`ks"r("r$`
c!a2?'$"3`rw1o/"a:'d%"*'k!"lv"o/"kt"d!a
m>'m>'{"g/1r!1k.'e*`ct`d!aqx'q>`k{'k0`*'
k!"lv"d!akt"d!arw1h:an!ao
az"dx'3`q>'b(1i:12d>":1h:aj8"6"i_'i(`
k|`j*`3`3"a!am%1k?'d!ai(`ks"_`h:"k*`ct`
ix"e*`c!aj*`cw12:1e*`ct`d!ao/"h("r!1i="
e|"ky"gv1ks"v"a%"3`ox'f>'e*`ct`i:1e3`6"
d!ai3'k/"i:"e*`ct`q>`d!ao/"h("r!1i="e|"
i:"*'."d!a2dx'f>'d!ac.`a:'e{`i(`dw"cy`
a!a3`d!a*'a:'d>"i(`e*`}1h$"r("*'k!"o/"
h("o<1h:ai:12gv1r("qx"lw'23`d!ae?'ky')"
o/"*`-
lv"d%"d>":1h:ao/"6"3`q0"e?'d!ak{"d%`
e*`ct`d!ai:"23`i:1qu'e?'$"2dv"s"s`kz"d3'
d!a*1rv"2*1rv"3`6`~`/1q>`lv"kt"d>":1h:a
h:"k*`e*`ct`r("d!a*'ax'ow1ow1ky"ky"d!a
ct`- +`?'j:`3`iu'iu'd!akv`k81d%"33;-m0`
k!"mx1t`m>'m>'q/1.`h:`n|`d!ae?'i:"c%1
e?'2k{"d%`h:`n|`d!ae?'i:"l/`e?'--2 dv"
i:"a:`{"nw"e?'d!ahw"rw1h:abz1ax`k3"bz1
a&'*'dt`,*'dt`d!ak}"kw"2ks"r$"s`*'qu'*'
qu'd!ai('bz1-



「順子教室」
視多障學生孫永寬克服困難學電腦

我剛教孫永寬的時候覺得很具挑戰性。
他是視障者,又是腦性麻痺患者,平常坐輪椅,肌肉無法自主運動,這對學習
盲用電腦需要打鍵盤或摸點字這種不斷用手部精細操作的他來說,非常不容易。
其實要解決摸點字不困難,目前的盲用電腦有語音系統,改聽語音就行了;但要
解決打鍵盤,就不容易了。
我教孫永寬時,他還在念小學,人很聰明,我介紹完盲用電腦的大致狀況,他
馬上就懂;不過,他的肌肉反應不協調,打字是他的罩門。
我記得第一次教他打「孫永寬」這三個字,一直到第三次他才打對。一次是兩
小時的課,換句話說,大概第五或六小時以後他才打對。
 一般人一定很好奇,三個字為什麼需要花這麼多時間?他使用的是一般的點字
輸入法,但他有一半的時間花在找鍵盤上的字,其實有時候他可能找對位置但按
下去的時候由於肌肉不聽使喚不小心按到別的鍵所以得重來,例如打「ㄙㄨㄣ」,
打完後可能發現ㄨ打錯了,所以得重來一遍,他得重新找按鍵,找的過程就花了
不少時間,而且他按鍵盤時常常因為不小心按到別的鍵,所以又得重來一次;有
時候不是按錯,而是多按了一個鍵,也就是說,一個「ㄙㄨㄣ」他得重複打很多
次。
 後來他爸爸提出一個建議,問我是否可以做一個改良式的鍵盤,把不常用的鍵
遮起來,如此可以減低他按錯鍵的機率。我們引用這建議轉換成另一個做法,就
是在一般的鍵盤(以防萬一鍵盤壞了買不到)上做些簡單的修改,例如套上與鍵
盤一般高的鐵板,把常用的鍵凸(變高)起來,變得更明顯,更容易找到,像是
enter鍵;然後用一個音六個點的點字方式,以點字筆一個點一個點撮它,(一般
是用六個手指,但他不可能),例如打「ㄙㄨㄣ」,ㄙ是1、5點,他就撮第一和
第五個點,再打第一聲點完成ㄙ,這種輸入法最多只要按四個按鍵就可以完成一
個字;如果用一般的注音輸入法,必須整個鍵盤都要背,而且位置也要打對,就
更花時間了,所以我還是決定讓他用點字方式打字。
我教其他小朋友的方式是教完之後請他直接操作給我看,但對孫永寬不能用這
方法,他直機操作的困難度很高,我只好改變方式,請他「口述」一遍給我聽,
他講的大部分沒問題,只是實際操作,不一定成功。
當電腦從dos環境進步到windows環境,孫永寬的學習也突飛猛進。
在DOS環境,叫一個目錄就要打「DIR」,把整個名稱都打出來,「打」需要
大量用到肌肉,這對「腦性麻痺」患者很困難;但在WINDOWS就不用了,只
要用上、下、左、右還有enter鍵就可以達到目的,所以對孫永寬來說,由於
WINDOWS使用的按鍵少,反而易於操作。




這三年我們進入WINDOWS世界,一般明眼人用滑鼠操作,但視障朋友不容
易用滑鼠,他的操作就變成「選項」式的而不是「命令」式的,也就是用上、下、
左、右還有enter鍵就可以完成非常多的事情,例如聽音樂、聽廣播……。我教
他三年之後停了一兩年的時間,因為不知道該怎麼教他,但進入WINDOWS後
我覺得他還可以再學,聽他媽媽說,他每天都在玩電腦。科技的進步對多重障礙
者是很大的突破。
我一禮拜只上一次兩小時的課,我把孫永寬教會之後也教他的爸爸媽媽,那麼
下課後他們可以幫他複習,也可以當他們的小老師。
他上課是由爸爸開車載著他和媽媽一起來,他們一家人都很開朗,爸爸媽媽平
常會跟他開玩笑,互相糗對方,向他有時候按錯鍵,他媽媽就趁譏笑他,那種校
不是真的取笑,在我聽來很像鼓勵,有時候孫永寬不乾示弱也會頂回去,雙方一
來一往嘻嘻鬧鬧的,沒有悲情,他們的生活態度是正向的、積極的、樂觀的,我
有時候不小心聽到他們的對話會覺得很感動。
他國中畢業之後就留在家裡自學,因為他的家人覺得他上學唸書比較辛苦,沒有
再唸書,這一點我覺得很可惜。
無論如何,在我的教學生涯裡,孫永寬的例子讓我看出很多的可能。




本系統由淡江大學視障資源中心維護 如有任何建議歡迎來信
資源中心電話:(02)7730-0606, 傳真:(02)8631-9073, 地址:25137新北市淡水區英專路151號商館B125室
捐款劃撥帳號:17137650 淡江大學募款委員會 (請註明:視障資源中心視障系統研發專用)
本網站通過第一、第二及第三優先等級無障礙網頁檢測